#otd 27 January 1596 – Sir Francis Drake died (b. 1540)
Drake was an English explorer & privateer best known for his circumnavigation of the world in a single expedition between 1577 & 1580. This was the first English circumnavigation, & third circumnavigation overall.
Having started as a simple seaman, in 1588 he was part of the fight against the Spanish Armada as a vice-admiral.
At an early age, Drake was placed into the household of a relative, William Hawkins, a prominent sea captain in Plymouth. In 1572, he set sail on his first independent mission, privateering along the Spanish Main. Drake's circumnavigation began on 15 December 1577. He crossed the Pacific Ocean, until then an area of exclusive Spanish interest, & laid claim to New Albion, plundering coastal towns & ships for treasure & supplies as he went.
He arrived back in England on 26 September 1580. Elizabeth I awarded Drake a knighthood in 1581 which he received aboard his galleon the Golden Hind.
Drake's circumnavigation inaugurated an era of conflict with the Spanish & in 1585, the Anglo-Spanish War began. Drake was in command of an expedition to the Americas that attacked Spanish shipping & ports. When Philip II sent the Spanish Armada to England in 1588 as a precursor to its invasion, Drake was second-in-command of the English fleet that fought against & repulsed the Spanish fleet. A year later he led the English Armada in a failed attempt to destroy the remaining Spanish fleet.
Drake was the Member of Parliament (MP) for three constituencies: Camelford in 1581, Bossiney in 1584, & Plymouth in 1593. Drake's exploits made him a hero to the English, but his privateering led the Spanish to brand him a pirate, known to them as El Draque ("The Dragon" in old Spanish). He died of dysentery after his failed assault on Panama in January 1596.
#britishhistory #francisdrake
#InboundIndia
Sir William Hawkins (c. 1613 AD) was an EIC official and a traveller, who came to India in 1608.
Jahangir was very impressed with him & granted him a mansabdari of 30,000 Rupees.
He fought court intrigues and was able to maintain the EIC factory at Surat.
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