Karl Fillingham

Sometimes I write.

@thekarlofwords.bsky.social

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

Timent Diem.

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

👑

[Pilib De Brún (Phil Brown) @Malachians]

That pass for OGS v West Ham 🥶

[Science girl @sciencegirl]

There is a planet where it may rain glass like material under extreme conditions, and the rain would likely be driven sideways by powerful winds, possibly like horizontal needles

The exoplanet HD 189733 b, a hot Jupiter about 63 light years away, has temperatures around 1,000°C (1,800°F). Its atmosphere likely contains silicate particles that can form tiny glass like droplets. These would not fall as gentle rain but would be blown through the atmosphere by extremely powerful winds, which scientists estimate can reach several kilometres per second.

The planet is also thought to appear deep blue based on how its atmosphere scatters light, although this is not a direct visual observation. This remains one of the most extreme and hostile worlds discovered, with conditions far beyond anything on Earth.

[United Arts 🔴⚪️⚫️ @UtdArts1]

🇾🇪 Remembering Duncan Edwards 🇾🇪

Long before anyone spoke of 'football geniuses,' Manchester United had found theirs in Duncan Edwards.

Matt Busby watched the 17-year-old play and knew immediately: "He is the most complete player I've ever seen." In 1952, Busby pulled out all the stops to sign Edwards, who was being pursued by virtually every major club in England. What sealed the deal wasn't just Busby's persuasion, it was United's revolutionary commitment to youth development. Edwards signed on his 16th birthday, October 2nd, 1952.

He made his first-team debut in April 1953, just 16 years and 185 days old, becoming United's youngest ever debutant at the time. Though listed as a left-half, he played with such completeness that he could dominate any position. Whether breaking up attacks with perfectly timed tackles or surging forward with the power of a man twice his size, Edwards redefined what a midfielder could be.

1/3

#DuncanEdwards #mufc #manchesterunited

[Erika  @ExploreCosmos_]

Understanding the Universe means learning to think across an almost absurd range of physical scales.

Space is filled with planets, stars, stellar remnants, black holes, galaxies, galaxy clusters, filaments, and vast regions of matter and emptiness. But the interesting part is not only that some objects are small and others are huge.

The real lesson is that every class of object has its own internal limits, and those limits are set by physics.

At small scales, gravity is not always the dominant force. Below a few hundred kms, objects are usually shaped more by electromagnetic forces and material strength than by self-gravity. That is why many asteroids are irregular rather than spherical. Once an object becomes massive enough, gravity can pull it toward hydrostatic equilibrium, making it round.

Icy bodies can reach that state at smaller sizes than rocky ones because ice is easier to deform. This is why a small moon such as Mimas can look roughly spherical, while some larger rocky asteroids may still not be perfectly relaxed by gravity.

Planets show that size and mass do not always scale in an intuitive way. Gas giants can become much more massive than Jupiter without becoming much larger, because added mass compresses their interiors.

Some “super-puff” exoplanets, by contrast, can have enormous radii despite relatively low masses, because their atmospheres are extremely extended. Brown dwarfs push this idea even further: they are far more massive than planets, sometimes massive enough to fuse deuterium, but their physical size remains roughly comparable to Jupiter’s because degeneracy pressure and compression prevent them from simply swelling with mass.

Stars span a far wider range. The smallest hydrogen-burning red dwarfs are only somewhat larger than Jupiter, while the largest red supergiants can expand to sizes approaching the scale of Saturn’s orbit.

Stellar remnants then invert many everyday expectations. White dwarfs are roughly Earth-sized or smaller, with more massive white dwarfs generally being smaller because their matter is compressed more strongly. Neutron stars are even more extreme: they pack more than a solar mass into a sphere only about 20 to 25 kms across.

Black holes are the most radical case, because their “size” is defined by the event horizon. Known bhs range from stellar-remnant objects with event horizons measured in kilometers to supermassive black holes whose horizons can be larger than the Solar System.

On galactic scales, the same principle applies: categories have enormous internal variation. The smallest candidate galaxies may be only tens of light-years across and contain very few stars, blurring the line between dwarf galaxies and star clusters.

At the other extreme, enormous galaxies such as IC 1101 extend for millions of light-years and contain staggering amounts of stellar mass. Galaxy groups and clusters can be compact or spread across tens of millions of light-years. Even black hole jets can reach similar scales, with the largest known jets extending over more than 20 million light-years.

The largest structures are not individual bound objects in the ordinary sense. Cosmic filaments and walls can stretch for more than a billion light-years, tracing the cosmic web shaped by gravity, dark matter, cosmic expansion, and dark energy.

However, not every apparent pattern in the sky is a real physical structure. Some proposed giant structures may simply be chance alignments or incomplete mappings of distant absorbers and galaxies. At the largest scales, the Universe becomes statistically homogeneous: the cosmic web has structure, but there is a limit to how large truly coherent structures can be.

@bigthink
@StartsWithABang

👉 https://t.co/XElAP5YfmC

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

Stockport.

[Purely Green @worldclick56]

Guess the place?

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

@R_S_Russo I actually always finish a book. I have been told off many times for this, but I take the view that I wouldn't just look at the corner of a painting so I give it a chance and finish the book. Don't get me wrong, not everything is great but I always read to the end.

[Lou Macari @LouMacari10]

Thank you so much to the Scottish Football Supporters Association after they voted me their Hero of the Year for our work at the Macari Centre. An honour for me to receive this from the fans of a game that gave me so much and a pleasure to meet Paul Goodwin, founder of the SFSA

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

@whataimeereads_ Fantastic 👏👏👏

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

I see what you did there 😂

[⭕ Brock Pierson @brockpierson]

🚨BREAKING: people will believe any random unsourced trash you post on 𝕏 so long as you prefix it with “🚨BREAKING”

[cow @cowincrisis]

you do not choose the clover patch. the clover patch chooses you.

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

@_Utdbaki Yes please.

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

Ok Google, define irony...

[Fabrizio Romano @FabrizioRomano]

🚨⚠️ OFFICIAL: Manchester City statement.

“The stories which have emerged from Spain regarding the future of Erling Haaland are FALSE”.

“There is NO chance of this happening and there is no contractual clause to enable it”.

“We are considering LEGAL ACTION for the use of our player image in this context”.

[Karl Fillingham @FillinghamKarl]

@ExploreCosmos_ This isn't to do with this particular post, I just wanted to say thank you for all the effort you make putting these posts together. I really enjoy them and (try) to pass them onto my kids. Great stuff, thanks again.

[Curiosity @CuriosityonX]

Saturn captured by Cassini spacecraft two days before its final plunge.

[Purely Green @worldclick56]

Iceland 🇮🇸

[Writers & Artists @Writers_Artists]

We need YOU!

This summer, we publish the 120th edition (!) of the Writers' & Artists' Yearbook and we want to hear your thoughts on our bestselling guide to the creative industries.

Find out more: https://t.co/TJN43E5sRx