A detailed explanation of Manchu tenses
满洲语教学文章:时态的详细解释。
Manju gisun be tacire šufiyelen:Erin be narhvn i fisembure
Manju gisun i erin i uju hacin oci simple tense, ilan jergi bi, alhvdan tuwanjicina:
Da hergen
Niyalma gemu buda be jembi= All human eat food.
Isinjire unde hergen
Niyalma muke be omire= Human will drink water
Duleke hergen
Niyalma tacikv de genehe=Human went to the school
Manju gisun i erin i jaici hacin oci past tense, duin jergi bi, alhvdan tuwanjicina
past perfect tense ha bihe/he bihe/ho bihe sere uncehen araci acambi
Yamji buda jetere de bi mini gala be oboho bihe = I had washed my hands before dinner.
past present tense mbihe sere uncehen arambi:
Bi ere gege be buyembihe/ I used to love that girl.
past future tense ci acambihe sere uncehen arambi:
Ilan aniya onggolo sini gebu saci bi simbe buyeci acambihe.= If I knew your name three years ago, I would have loved you then.
past progressive tense me bihe sere uncehen arambi:
Ilan aniya onggolo bi mini amba tacikv de tacime bihe.= I was studying in my university two years ago.
Manju gisun i erin i ilanci hacin present tense inu, amba muru duin jergi bi , alhvdan tuwanjicina:
present progressive tense me bi sere uncehen araci acambi
Bi mini bithe be tuwame bi= I am reading my book.
present perfect tense habi/hebi/hobi sere uncehen i arambi
Ere den asari weileme ilibuhebi/ That tall building has been built.
present perfect progressive tense A fi bi sere uncehen adambi:
Manju gurun umesi labdu aniya taksifi bi.= The Manchus state has existed for many years (then it continues to exist).
present perfect progressive tense hai/hei/hoi bi sere uncehen arambi
Ere gasha hvlahai bi= That bird has been chirping.
Dain de eten bime ufaran bi. Suwe Nikan i hansa inu be Manjusa de ahantubuha bihe. Ere an i baita. Bardanggilara saligan umai akv. Meni Manju gurun unrunakv dahvme ilibure
Si cung fu sere ilan hergen, fuhali Nikan i gebu de murušembi. Gvsai niyalma gebu arara de hono imbe Nikan i gebu de murušebuci acarakv bade i gioro ojoro be ai hendure ele nememe nikan i gebu murušeci acarakv. 尼堪富什浑 de hala.
注 尼堪=nikan=中国人 富什浑=fusihvn=下贱