Hanta Virus - it is NOT a catastrophe, and we can handle this! DO not fall to useless fear, and bad info from the media machine
Well if one wants to decrease viral loads, which is NOT technically a treatment but will decrease the symptoms and the disease itself , one has to decrease or block te copy and replication of the virus genome
I want to mention as ready to use products
- HCQ or hydroxychloroquin (off label use)
- Ribavirin (in label use)
- Some interfering peptides (available in clinical trials I think)
- there is a lot of talk about old or new vaccines, but as a ZOONOSIS, it is non sense to mass vaccinate humans, however serotherapy (injections of anti Hanta human antibodies) can be helpful
I also - for the sake of full info - would like to explain how block of viral replication can be achieved
A - by blocking virus binding to its receptor
i. here they have some classical vaccines with attenuated viruses but their efficacy is low (50-60%) to block such binding...
ii. also some more recent "RNA vaccines"
here a paper (to focused on vax, but also mention good info for he viral cycle and other treatments
https://t.co/CVI9E229yB
BUT vaccines are NOT very useful, because this thing is a very effective ZOONOSIS so ... let's not waste time here as mass prevention is an impossible fantasy!
iii. However serotherapy can be used in severe cases , that is to give Immunoglobulins to patients . It has been used to save patients.
https://t.co/qtcjFIkLGD
iv. Some small peptides have been synthesized and - frankly - are good at blocking (we call them peptide mimetic, as they imitate the binding site (they act like an interference or a decoy)
https://t.co/Z1GXfjzeFn
B - by blocking virus ENTRY into the cells
i. like many many enveloped viruses, they are bound then "swallowed" by the cell INSIDE vesicles.. and in order to leave such vesicles and go TRULY INSIDE the interior of cell (cytoplasm) they have t9 one in acidified vesicles => ALL products that inhibit vesicles acidification can severely BLOCK that step, hence decrease the next step (amplification of viral genes)
here we will find HCQ (yep, hydroxychloroquine - 400/600 mg like for SARS2)
HCQ has bene shown effective in cell cultures and in animals.. the stupid will say that there exist no RCT, but WHO cares???
If a patient is dying or risk death by hanta,... just give HCQ (even if it is an off-label use, that an usage NOT mentioned on the prospectus)
Here we will find some old bacterial antibiotics which have THIS mechanism of action (bafylomycin A for example) - but it is no longer on the market!
C - by preventing the genetic material to be replicated
Hantavirus come with their own enzyme to replicate the RNA.. sop there was research into things such as enzyme inhibitors
i. Here since more than 20 years or so we have 2 molecules ; Ravipavir and Ribavirin
Ribavirin has been even tested and proven effective in clinical trials in China
https://t.co/mFVBPeu4jk
ii. Here we have to mention siRNA - yep, small interfering RNA can be used to target and destroy the viral RNA.. but this is far from being ready , promising but needs lots of R&D)
D - by blocking newly fabricated virus particles to exit/burst the infected cells
Here because of the fact that the components of the Hantavirus have to be assembled INSIDE a cellular structure called the Golgi apparatus, Brefeldin A , which blocks ALL golgi functions by "dissolving" this intracellular organ would do magic... but is not tested...
[Note - Although military R&D has shown that Brefeldin A can be safely given to animals to BLOCK the golgi, and to protect against toxins (which like Ricin, also need to pass thru the Golgi) ]
Public health measures
Targeting hosts is also a strategy but limited ... however think about the following - the risk is very low .. unless one go crawling into forests, like military personnel! However it is always good sanitation to control, decrease and monitor rodents (mostly mice)
And remember - HEPA filters - because this bug (Andes train) is an aerosol .... so planes and cruises ships ... mind that fact!
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