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#ConstitutionOfIndia #Article14 #Article32 #Article226 #Article129 #Article215 #BNSS2023 #ContemptOfCourtsAct1971 #RuleOfLaw #DueProcessOfLaw #CriminalJusticeSystem #JudicialProcess #PoliceInvestigation #IndianConstitution #IndianLaw
The authority to register criminal cases and conduct investigations is vested, under law, exclusively in the police and other legally authorized investigative agencies. The fundamental principles of the Constitution of India, namely the Rule of Law, Equality Before Law (Article 14), and Due Process of Law, apply equally to all citizens.
Under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS, 2023), the powers relating to the receipt of information regarding offences, registration of First Information Reports (FIRs), conduct of investigations, collection of evidence, and filing of charge sheets are vested only in the police and other investigative agencies authorized by law.
As a general rule, no political party or its members can directly conduct a criminal investigation or exercise police powers in the capacity of a "Third Party." However, every citizen has the right, under the Constitution of India, to lodge a complaint regarding an alleged offence and to bring relevant information to the attention of the competent authorities. Thereafter, it is for the police or the concerned statutory authorities to determine whether legal action is warranted in accordance with law.
Under Articles 32 and 226 of the Constitution of India, citizens may approach the Supreme Court or the High Courts if they believe that their legal or constitutional rights have been violated. However, no political party can directly undertake investigative functions or criminal proceedings that fall within the jurisdiction of the courts or law enforcement agencies.
With regard to Contempt of Court, Article 129 of the Constitution of India confers contempt jurisdiction upon the Supreme Court, while Article 215 confers similar powers upon the High Courts. In addition, the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 prescribes the legal framework, procedures, and powers relating to contempt proceedings.
Under the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971, it is for the competent court to determine whether contempt proceedings should be initiated, whether notice should be issued, or whether any further action is required. The mere filing of a petition or representation by a political party, organization, or individual does not automatically result in contempt proceedings. Adequate evidence, relevant facts, and the satisfaction of the court are essential prerequisites under law.
Therefore, neither a criminal investigation nor contempt proceedings can automatically arise solely on the basis of a demand or request made by a political party or an individual. Decisions can be taken only after compliance with the procedures, jurisdictional requirements, and Principles of Natural Justice prescribed under the Constitution of India, the BNSS, 2023, and the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971.
For the Rule of Law to prevail, investigative powers must remain with investigative agencies, judicial powers must remain with the courts, and administrative powers must remain with governmental authorities. This principle forms part of the Basic Structure Doctrine of the Constitution of India and is a cornerstone of democratic governance.

آرٹیکل 215 میں ترمیم سینیٹ سے منظور چیف الیکشن کمشنر اور ممبران نئے ممبران کے آنے تک کام جاری رکھیں گے.
#92newshd #Article215 #BreakingNews #LatestNews
📌🎓🇨🇩[⚠️#Rappel] 🔁[A (re)lire] #Article215‼️ #RDC #DRC #CongoCrisis Accord-cadre d’Addis-Abeba : des résolutions oubliées, pour CEPADHO https://t.co/Trw5dpebfK
🔁 [A lire absolument] 📢🗣Que dit‼️l'#Article215‼️de la constitution de la #RDC #DRC #CongoCRisis ↔
✔#Article215 de la constitution. la #RDC est signataire 💬
![kinshasaweb's tweet photo. 🔁 [A lire absolument] 📢🗣Que dit‼️l'#Article215‼️de la constitution de la #RDC #DRC #CongoCRisis ↔
✔#Article215 de la constitution. la #RDC est signataire 💬 https://t.co/PH6J0utyJL](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DjT-yAJWwAIjFSi.jpg)
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