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Who captures value from extraction? At the heart of the 2026 MMDR amendment ​-  passed in the Lok Sabha today ​- is a question that sits at the core of Extractive Capital: who has the authority to determine, and ultimately capture, the value generated from India's mineral commons? The Supreme Court's landmark 2024 nine-judge judgment significantly strengthened the fiscal position of mineral-bearing States by affirming their constitutional power to levy taxes on mineral rights and mineral-bearing lands. The 2026 amendment now seeks to constrain that power, reshaping the federal balance over mineral revenues along lines favourable to Union authority and corporate interests. What appears to be a technical amendment to mining legislation is therefore a Political Licence to Operate writ large ​- a struggle over the distribution of extractive value between the Union's regulatory authority, States' constitutional claims over resources within their territories, and mining companies seeking to minimise the fiscal costs of extraction. The path dependencies of colonial-era mineral governance, which have long privileged centralised control over resource revenues, are here being reproduced under the sign of postcolonial development. The stakes are starkly captured in the amendment's operative clause: "No tax, cess or such other levy … shall be imposed by the State Government on mineral rights or mineral-bearing lands … except in accordance with such conditions or restrictions as may be prescribed by the Central Government." This is the critical shift: the 2024 Supreme Court judgment opened the door for States to capture greater value from mineral extraction; the 2026 amendment puts a Central Government lock on that door. The mineral commons of ​Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh​, Rajasthan, Karnataka and Goa ​- territories wh​ere local communities bear the deepest entropic costs of extraction, from groundwater depletion and forest loss to displacement and dispossession ​-  will now generate revenues increasingly channelled away from the States that contain them. This is Extractive Sensemaking in legislative form: the amendment's technical framing renders invisible the scalar mismatch between those who bear the costs of extraction at the pit and panchayat level, and those who capture its value at the Union and corporate boardroom level. The question, ultimately, is not technical but moral ​- in the iron ore belt​ of India, it is answered daily in dry wells, cleared forests, and uncompensated land.

Extremely surprising how the opposition parties allowed the dangerous MMDR (amendment) bill to be passed in the Lok Sabha and did not demand that it be referred to a parliamentary panel. The bill effectively overturns 2024 Supreme Court judgement on taxation on mining and it takes away states rights on mining revenue. The bill also severely restricts states rights on mining matters. Beyond understanding, how the govt managed to fool the opposition so easily !

MMDR Amendment Bill, 2026: Certainty and Uniformity in Mineral Taxation 🔹Minerals are vital natural resources with strong geopolitical importance. They support infrastructure, digital systems, manufacturing, energy security, and national economic growth. Balanced and sustainable mineral development across regions remains a key foundation for advancing public interest and long-term prosperity. 🔹In India, mining is governed by the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957. For the wider public interest, the Union controls mine regulation and mineral development under Section 2 of the Act. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026 introduces changes in this Act to create a uniform and balanced fiscal framework for the mineral sector nationwide. 🔹It restricts State governments from imposing any new taxes on mineral rights and mineral-bearing lands without conditions/restrictions prescribed by the Central government. The bill has been passed by both houses of Parliament. Why the Amendment is Needed The MMDR Amendment Bill, 2026 addresses the following challenges arising from the existing framework for taxation and levies in the mining sector: 💠A heavy tax burden on the mining sector. 💠Unpredictable introduction of taxes, cess and other levies, even after mining operations had commenced. 💠Multiple taxes, cess and other levies on the production or dispatch of minerals. 💠Non-uniform rates of taxes and other levies among States. 💠Imposition of taxes, cess or levies with retrospective effect. Read here: https://t.co/qJvDLT1NFp

मोदी सरकार ने संसद में हंगामे के बीच अडानी की दलाली वाला बिल पास कर दिया। राज्यों का अधिकार छीन कर देश भर के सारे खनिजों पर अब केंद्र का क़ब्ज़ा होगा। सुप्रीम कोर्ट का आदेश पलट दिया,राज्य सरकार को अब कोई राजस्व नही मिलेगा। मोदी जी अब बिना रोक टोक देश की Mines अडानी को दे देंगे। https://t.co/CogAjzrhIn

"मोदी-अडानी भाई-भाई, देश बेचकर खाई मलाई।" आज सदन में मोदी सरकार ने एक “काला कानून”पास किया। 2024 में सुप्रीम कोर्ट के 9 जजों ने राज्य सरकारों को खान और खनिज पर लिए जाने वाले टैक्स के अधिकार को बरकरार रखा था। आज वह अधिकार मोदी सरकार ने छीन लिया। अब अडानी को औने-पौने दामों में कोयला और बाकी खदानें दी जाएंगी।