On the first day of Navratri and when the divine Durga Puja season is underway, had the opportunity to pray at the Mata Tripura Sundari Temple in Udaipur, Tripura. Prayed for the well-being and prosperity of my fellow Indians.
🔹 1. Periodontitis & Cardiovascular Disease
•Mattila et al., 1989 (BMJ)
First study showing association between oral infections and myocardial infarction.
•DeStefano et al., 1993 (NHANES I study, J Periodontol)
Large-scale epidemiological study: people with periodontitis had ~25% higher risk of coronary heart disease.
•Beck et al., 1996 (Annals of Periodontology)
Showed strong link between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis, stroke, and CVD events.
🔹 2. Periodontitis & Diabetes
•Löe, 1993 (Diabetes Care)
Defined the two-way relationship: diabetes increases risk of periodontitis, and periodontitis worsens glycemic control.
•Taylor et al., 1996 (J Periodontol)
Showed poor glycemic control in diabetics with periodontitis compared to those without.
•D’Aiuto et al., 2006 (BMJ)
Demonstrated that periodontal therapy reduces HbA1c levels and improves endothelial function.
🔹 3. Pregnancy Outcomes
•Offenbacher et al., 1996 (J Periodontol)
Landmark study linking periodontitis with preterm low birth weight (PLBW).
•Jeffcoat et al., 2001 (Am J Obstet Gynecol)
Showed that treating periodontal disease reduced incidence of PLBW.
🔹 4. Respiratory Diseases
•Scannapieco et al., 1992 (Chest)
Reported association between oral bacteria and aspiration pneumonia.
•Awano et al., 2008 (J Periodontol)
Found elderly patients with periodontitis had higher risk of dying from pneumonia.
🔹 5. Rheumatoid Arthritis
•Pihlstrom et al., 2005 (J Clin Periodontol)
Noted shared inflammatory mediators between RA and periodontitis.
•Mikuls et al., 2014 (Ann Rheum Dis)
Identified Porphyromonas gingivalis as a possible trigger for RA through citrullination pathways.
🔹 6. Other Important Studies
•Tonetti et al., 2007 (NEJM, “Periodontitis and endothelial function”)
Showed that periodontal treatment improves vascular endothelial function.
•Sanz & Kornman, 2013 (Consensus Report, J Clin Periodontol)
Periodontal disease officially recognized as a risk factor for systemic diseases.
10.1136/bmj.298.6676.779
10.1136/bmj.306.6879.688
10.2337/diacare.16.1.329
10.1056/NEJMoa063186
10.1902/jop.1996.67.10s.1103
10.1177/154405910808700418
Periodontal Medicine is a branch of periodontology that explores the relationship between periodontal (gum) diseases and systemic health. It emphasizes how periodontal inflammation not only destroys the supporting tissues of the teeth but also contributes to or is influenced by systemic conditions.
Key Concept
���Periodontal disease = a chronic inflammatory infection.
•The mouth acts as a portal of entry for bacteria and inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream.
•This systemic spread links periodontitis with multiple diseases.
Pathophysiology
1.Bacteremia – Periodontal pockets harbor gram-negative bacteria; daily activities (chewing, brushing, scaling) can introduce them into circulation.
2.Inflammatory burden – Cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) from diseased periodontium increase systemic inflammation.
3.Molecular mimicry & immune cross-reactivity – Oral pathogens may trigger autoimmune responses in distant organs.
Systemic Associations
1.Cardiovascular disease
•Periodontitis linked with atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke.
•Mechanism: inflammatory mediators + bacterial endotoxins accelerate endothelial damage.
2.Diabetes Mellitus
•Bidirectional relationship: diabetes worsens periodontitis; periodontitis increases insulin resistance.
3.Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
•Periodontal disease associated with preterm low-birth-weight babies and preeclampsia.
4.Respiratory Diseases
•Aspiration of periodontal pathogens → pneumonia, COPD exacerbations.
5.Other Conditions
•Rheumatoid arthritis, chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer’s disease, obesity, certain cancers (under research).
Clinical Significance
•Periodontal therapy (scaling, root planing, antimicrobial approaches, host modulation) not only improves oral health but may reduce systemic inflammation markers (CRP, HbA1c, etc.).
•Medical and dental professionals should work together in a multidisciplinary approach.
Modern Concepts
•“Oral-Systemic Link” – growing body of research emphasizes oral health as part of overall systemic well-being.
•Precision Perio-Medicine – identifying genetic, microbial, and immunological risk profiles to tailor treatments.
•Host Modulation Therapy – controlling destructive host responses (e.g., NSAIDs, sub-antimicrobial doxycycline, antioxidants)
"No NRC, No Aadhaar: Bold Move by Himanta Biswa Sarma 🔥🔥 to Crack Down on Illegal Infiltration.
Aadhaar Cards Will Be Issued Only After NRC Clearance."
👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻
Around 146 Maoists have been killed in the past six months since the BJP came to power in my state, and the plan to eliminate Maoism by 2026 is a significant step forward. What more could my state need? 🙌
The hijacking of the Andhar plane was carried out by the Islamic terrorist organization Al-Qaeda. Filmmaker Anubhav Sinha made a movie based on this event, but controversially named the terrorists Bhola and Shankar, both names associated with Lord Mahadev, seemingly with the intent to defame Hinduism.
Wow slow claps 👏🏻👏🏻
No one from other fields has stepped up to support the medical community. It's easy to say, "I need your help, it's late, but the pain is unbearable, so I reached out to you." In this country, no one will come to help doctors .
We have to rely on ourselves throughout our lives. Let's stand united—we only have each other in this field.
2/2 but no proper response.Indore courier person is not picking call. Clearly its mentioned on parcel that's it's urgent and Medicine, eventhough they are not responding.
Worst service by DTDC , parcel was booked on 8th of Feb from Lucknow and left the hub on same day, recieved call from Indore Hub on 13th Feb but not delivered parcel. Even Indore hub person is not picking up call after that, made complaint to customer care but 1/2