Iniciativa para la Transición Económica y Demográfica, esfuerzo del @TecdeMonterrey, con @ChaireTDTE y @ciepmx. Economía poblacional para la política pública.
El día de hoy se en el DOF el Programa Nacional de Población 2026-2030.
https://t.co/VU3zlUiHAL
El país cambió demográficamente. Va un hilo sobre lo que dicen los números:
El seminario de política fiscal @cepal_onu es un evento de primer nivel. Discusiones: sostenibilidad fiscal, deuda pública, administración tributaria, buenas experiencias de países, medio ambiente, etcétera. Gracias por invitar a @itedTec@ciepmx. ¡Latam puede!
Viendo informes al Congreso de @Hacienda_Mexico. Es probable que el gasto en pensiones (inlcuyendo las nos contributivas) alcance el 6.3% del PIB en 2026. Complica mucho otros proyectos. Vamos discutiendo qué podemos hacer, @ItedTec@ciepmx@cijuf_oficial.
👀Si aún no has leído la #ColumnaCIEP de Rodrigo Ochoa (@RodrigoOchoaHe), para @EjeCentral hazlo ahora en el siguiente enlace:
🔗https://t.co/0MmUYRa6e4
Podrás leer de qué va el nuevo Plan de Infraestructura del Gobierno de México y un análisis puntual sobre los nuevos esquemas de inversión mixta. 🏗️
#FinanzasPúblicas #SostenibilidadFiscal #CIEP
¿Alguien conoce sistema de salud universal que funcione bien con gasto público menor a 4% PIB? El gasto público mexicano en salud actual es 2.6% PIB, una vacilada. Hablar de universalización implica discutir financiamiento suficiente y sostenible ¿Para cuándo? @ItedTec@ciepmx
Venga la discusión #pensiones, es urgente. Idealmente deberíamos llegar a una ley marco que rija los subsistemas donde hay dinero público, @ItedTec@ciepmx@cijuf_oficial.
Los adultos mayores se están llevando la "tajada del león" del gasto público. En contraste, primera infancia y educación tienen prespupuestos muy lamentables. ¿Qué podría salir mal? Nuestra "gran visión" del futuro @ItedTec .
Qué bueno el tema haya sido la primera de hoy. Sólo un comentario, es seguro que la razón gasto en pensiones a PIB crezca hasta 2036, y muy probable hasta 2040, @CarlosRamirezF@ItedTec@EGobiernoyTP@Hacienda_Mexico.
#AnálisisCIEP
El sistema de pensiones en México es un tema de interés para todas y todos.
✍️ Conoce más acerca de sus implicaciones para las generaciones futuras en nuestro #Boletín "Pensiones, edad de retiro y desigualdad de género"
🔗https://t.co/83qRj7lXWP
💬Escribe "Me interesa" en los comentarios y te enviamos la infografía completa con el documento descargable.
#FinanzasPúblicas #CIEP #15Años
Over the years, I have actively participated in the economic policy debate in Spanish and written a fair amount on the topic (including many papers and several books!). Some of these issues go beyond purely local interest and are relevant, with only minor changes, for other countries in Western Europe and Latin America.
I have always wanted to translate some of this work into English (if only to reach a wider audience), but until recently the cost was prohibitive. Thanks to AI, that cost has now fallen by roughly two orders of magnitude.
Yesterday, I circulated a short policy paper I wrote over the Winter Break in Spanish arguing that it is far more useful to think about the sustainability of pay-as-you-go social security systems in terms of their internal rate of return (IRR) than to focus on cash flows, as much of the debate tends to do.
The paper went viral, and several non-Spanish economists expressed interest.
This morning, I translated it into English with the help of AI and made some light adaptations. I did not spend a great deal of time polishing every detail, but I think it is still well worth reading:
https://t.co/lgG9DuWEYC
The punchline will not be new to anyone who has read Samuelson’s (1958) classic paper, but it bears repeating. The key to the sustainability of a pay-as-you-go social security system is that the IRR received by participants must equal the growth rate of the system’s revenues. Once you think in these terms, almost everything else becomes secondary. Lower fertility simply implies a lower growth rate of revenues.
Along the same lines, higher wages do not necessarily help the system if the IRR is already too high. In fact, they can make things worse, because an excessive IRR is then paid over a larger base. Somewhat surprisingly, when I explained this point to several excellent economists, many told me they had never thought about it this way.
What actually helps a pay-as-you-go system is faster wage growth, because it raises the growth rate of revenues. It is all about the derivative, not the level.
The effects of immigration are also much more nuanced than is often assumed. If the IRR is too high, bringing in additional immigrants may worsen the system’s present discounted balance, even if it improves the current cash-flow position.
As always, comments are welcome. I may write something longer in the future, and I would welcome any suggestions.
P.S. I write differently in Spanish than in English. Do not be surprised if the paper reads somewhat differently from my work originally written in English. Personally, I think I write much better in Spanish, but that style does not always translate cleanly.