Winning a medal for taking ground in Stalingrad in mid-November 1942 was a grim kind of prize, because within a week the men who took it were trapped in the city they had almost conquered. Oberleutnant Wilhelm Durchdenwald received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on the 13th of November for leading his battalion through the factory district toward the Volga, days before the catastrophe.
Durchdenwald commanded a battalion of an infantry regiment in the 389th Infantry Division, one of the German divisions thrown into the worst of the Stalingrad fighting, the battle for the great industrial complexes in the north of the city, the Tractor Factory, the Barrikady gun works, the Red October steelworks. This was the heart of the Rattenkrieg, the war of the rats, the house-by-house, floor-by-floor slaughter in the rubble, and his division was grinding through it.
In the first half of November, as the Germans made their final push to clear the last Soviet footholds and reach the river, Durchdenwald's battalion attacked eastward through the factory district toward the Volga, into the teeth of a desperate defense that contested every cellar and every pile of broken concrete. He led from close behind his men, in the ruins, under constant fire, pushing the assault forward yard by yard. For that drive he was awarded the Knight's Cross.
I will be honest that the fine detail of exactly what he did is thin in the records, as it often is for these battalion-level awards; what is documented is the man, the unit, the sector, and the date. He was one of a number of German officers decorated for the Stalingrad street battles in those weeks, the commanders who led the assaults into the factories.
And the date is the whole grim point. The Knight's Cross came on the 13th, for an offensive at its climax. Six days later the Soviets launched their counteroffensive, broke through the flanks, and sealed the entire German Sixth Army inside and around the city. Durchdenwald's division was among the trapped. Over the following months that army was destroyed in the pocket, starved and frozen, most of its men killed or marched into a captivity few came back from. The medal for pushing toward the Volga was won days before the ground it was won on became a grave.
La terrible matemática de las ruinas en Stalingrado.Esa fue la verdadera catástrofe Alemana durante el otoño. Cada día de combates urbanos le costaba al VI ejército soldados que no podía reemplazar,en una batalla en la que conquistar terreno no aportaba ventajas operacionales…