Scientists have discovered that the fungus Aspergillus tubingensis, isolated from a landfill in Islamabad, Pakistan, can rapidly break down polyurethane, one of the world’s most durable plastics. This material is widely used in insulation, furniture, footwear, coatings, and synthetic leather, and it typically persists in the environment for hundreds of years.
In laboratory tests, the fungus colonizes the surface of polyurethane films, secreting enzymes that disrupt its chemical bonds. Scanning electron microscopy revealed clear signs of degradation, including cracks, pits, and surface erosion. Within just two months in liquid culture, the plastic films were broken down into smaller fragments, with near-complete degradation observed.
This represents the first reported case of A. tubingensis degrading polyurethane. The process is an example of mycoremediation, the use of fungi to clean up environmental pollutants. Other fungi have also shown the ability to use plastics as a primary food source, even in low-oxygen landfill conditions.
Researchers are now exploring the potential of fungal enzymes for large-scale applications, such as bioreactors, to help address the global plastic waste crisis. If scaled effectively, these biological approaches could offer a practical, low-cost method to reduce the billions of tons of persistent plastic accumulating worldwide.
[Khan, S., et al. (2017). Biodegradation of polyester polyurethane by Aspergillus tubingensis. Environmental Pollution, 225, 469–480. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.012]
🦔AI companies are bulk-buying rare books, scanning them through high-speed machines that cut the spines off, and shredding the originals. A service called ISBNdb facilitates orders of up to a million books and keeps buyers anonymous. Pre-2022 books are premium because they're free of AI-generated text. A federal judge ruled the practice is fair use because eliminating the original means only one copy exists at a time. Anthropic hired the former head of Google Books partnerships to obtain "all the books in the world."
My Take
This got to me. A bookseller told 404 Media that rare books with almost no surviving copies are being fed into this pipeline. Books that survived wars, fires, and centuries of handling are being shredded so an AI can learn to write a better marketing email.
ISBNdb's website literally says "'AI company destroys two million books' is not a headline that generates sympathy," and they still built an entire business around making it happen quietly. They offer NDAs as a feature. They coach clients to call it "digital preservation."
I've covered AI companies scraping the internet, torrenting libraries, and stealing music. This is worse because it's irreversible. You can re-upload a website. You can reprint a bestseller. You can't replace the last three copies of an 18th-century botanical text once someone shreds them for training data. And the judge said it's legal. So it's going to accelerate.
"We shred rare books and offer NDAs so nobody finds out" is a legitimate business model in 2026. What a timeline.
Hedgie🤗
He's full of love,a joy walks on earth& when he shares his thoughts..oh how warm& reassuring they are, beautiful inside& out, a role model for how to live Ur life to the fullest, all that without addressing him as an artist..
simply, I don’t trust u if u'r not in love with him.
The way he branding himself as an artist. The way he still goes with the trend eventhough he said that he didn't understand why something become a trend. That eager to learn everything which can make fuel to brand himself as SHINee Key.
just how he will pour his entire heart and soul into everything he does, always bringing something new to the table while remaining true to himself and his artistic vision and never settling for anything less than excellence 😔❤️❤️