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12/12
Save and share this thread. Every Nigerian needs to know this.
Follow for more weekly breakdowns of your rights and new judgments in plain English.
Not нот legal advice · Enquiries: DM/WhatsApp (link in bio)
#NaijaLaw#KnowYourRights#NigerianLaw#EndPoliceHarass
1/12 “Is ‘Vagabond’ or ‘Wandering’ still a crime in Nigeria in 2025?” Every week thousands of Nigerians are arrested and extorted simply for “loitering” or being on the street at night. Police call it “vagabond.” But is this lawful? Thread ↓ #NaijaLaw#KnowYourRights
11/12
Bottom line in 2025:
Being on the street at night, looking “suspicious,” or not having ID is NOT a crime in Nigeria.
The courts have spoken clearly and repeatedly.
10/12
Quick checklist when stopped:
✓ Ask for the specific offence
✓ Record everything
✓ Call a lawyer or family
✓ Insist on being charged to court within 24/48 hours (Section 35 Constitution)
9/12
If unlawfully detained, you can sue for:
• Violation of fundamental rights
• False imprisonment
Awards range from ₦500,000 to ₦10 million+ in successful cases.
8/12
If stopped and accused of being a “vagabond”:
• Calmly ask: “Officer, what offence have I committed?”
• State: “I am going home / coming from work / visiting a friend.”
• Record everything (audio/video is your right)
• Demand officer’s name & force number
7/12
To justify a “vagabond” arrest today, police MUST prove ALL three elements simultaneously:
1. You were wandering
2. You have no visible means of subsistence
3. You intended to commit a crime
If even one is missing → arrest is unlawful.
5/12
2. Lagos State High Court (2023)
Justice Oyindamola Ogala:
“No citizen shall be arrested simply for walking on the street at night or for appearing poor.”
4/12
Key decisions (2021–2024):
1. Federal High Court, Abuja – Aondoakaa v COP (2021)
Justice I.E. Ekwo: “Walking on the street, whether day or night, is not a crime.”
2/12 The laws police rely on: • Section 249(1)(d) Criminal Code Act (Southern states) • Section 210 Penal Code (Northern states) These allow arrest of a person found “wandering” who cannot give a “good account” of themselves.