Apostasy of one who aids Kuffar against Muslims by Speech, Wealth, Tongue or Heart
Imām of Najdi Da'wah wrote in a letter:
The Third Matter:
“The third matter among the things that necessitate jih@d for one who possesses this characteristic is supporting the polytheists and assisting them against the Muslims, whether by hand, by tongue, by heart, or by wealth. This is disbelief that expels a person from Islam. Whoever assists the polytheists against the Muslims Or provides them with wealth, with wealth that they use to wage war against the Muslims, doing so by choice has disbelieved.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab said in The Nullifiers of Islam:
The Eighth: Supporting the polytheists and assisting them against the Muslims.
The evidence is the statement of Allah, the Exalted:
“O you who believe, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are allies of one another. Whoever among you takes them as allies is indeed one of them.” [Surah al-Ma’idah 5:51]
Whoever possesses any of these characteristics that nullify Islam, or prevents any of the outward religious rites of Islam, or refuses to perform any of the outward laws of Islam, is to be fought until he acknowledges this and adheres to it.
By this, it becomes clear to you that fighting the people of Ha’il is among the best forms of jih@d. However, only people of insight recognize this. As for one who lacks insight, he sees jih@d as applying exclusively to the idol worshippers. As for one who has affirmed the two testimonies of Islām, he does not consider fighting him to be jih@d. Indeed, this matter had confused someone greater than the people of our time, as ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him):
“How can you fight the people, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘I have been commanded to fight the people until they testify that there is no god but Allah. When they say it, they protect their blood and their wealth from me, except where its rights require otherwise’?”
Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied:
“By Allah, I will fight whoever differentiates between prayer and zakah, for zakah is a right due upon wealth. By Allah, if they withhold from me even a young she-goat that they used to give to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I will fight them for withholding it.”
This clarifies that whoever withholds a right belonging to Islam must be fought, and that this is among the best of deeds. Whoever recognizes this as the truth is among the people of the greatest insight, and he should praise Allah for that.
The evidence that he is among the most perceptive people is the story of Abu Bakr and ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both). Abu Bakr understood that fighting them was justified, even though they had affirmed the two testimonies of faith and had abandoned Shirk. ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with him) did not understand this until Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) explained it to him.
The scholars, may Allah have mercy upon them, used to regard Abu Bakr’s understanding of this matter as one of his virtues. This is sufficient for anyone who seeks the truth. As for the one whose heart has been blinded by personal desires and turned away from guidance, there is no remedy for him. There is no power and no strength except through Allah, the Most High, the Almighty. He is sufficient for us, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.
All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May Allah send blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.”
Apostasy of one who aids Kuffar against Muslims by Speech, Wealth, Tongue or Heart
Imām of Najdi Da'wah wrote in a letter:
The Third Matter:
“The third matter among the things that necessitate jih@d for one who possesses this characteristic is supporting the polytheists and assisting them against the Muslims, whether by hand, by tongue, by heart, or by wealth. This is disbelief that expels a person from Islam. Whoever assists the polytheists against the Muslims Or provides them with wealth, with wealth that they use to wage war against the Muslims, doing so by choice has disbelieved.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab said in The Nullifiers of Islam:
The Eighth: Supporting the polytheists and assisting them against the Muslims.
The evidence is the statement of Allah, the Exalted:
“O you who believe, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are allies of one another. Whoever among you takes them as allies is indeed one of them.” [Surah al-Ma’idah 5:51]
Whoever possesses any of these characteristics that nullify Islam, or prevents any of the outward religious rites of Islam, or refuses to perform any of the outward laws of Islam, is to be fought until he acknowledges this and adheres to it.
By this, it becomes clear to you that fighting the people of Ha’il is among the best forms of jih@d. However, only people of insight recognize this. As for one who lacks insight, he sees jih@d as applying exclusively to the idol worshippers. As for one who has affirmed the two testimonies of Islām, he does not consider fighting him to be jih@d. Indeed, this matter had confused someone greater than the people of our time, as ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him):
“How can you fight the people, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘I have been commanded to fight the people until they testify that there is no god but Allah. When they say it, they protect their blood and their wealth from me, except where its rights require otherwise’?”
Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied:
“By Allah, I will fight whoever differentiates between prayer and zakah, for zakah is a right due upon wealth. By Allah, if they withhold from me even a young she-goat that they used to give to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I will fight them for withholding it.”
This clarifies that whoever withholds a right belonging to Islam must be fought, and that this is among the best of deeds. Whoever recognizes this as the truth is among the people of the greatest insight, and he should praise Allah for that.
The evidence that he is among the most perceptive people is the story of Abu Bakr and ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them both). Abu Bakr understood that fighting them was justified, even though they had affirmed the two testimonies of faith and had abandoned Shirk. ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with him) did not understand this until Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) explained it to him.
The scholars, may Allah have mercy upon them, used to regard Abu Bakr’s understanding of this matter as one of his virtues. This is sufficient for anyone who seeks the truth. As for the one whose heart has been blinded by personal desires and turned away from guidance, there is no remedy for him. There is no power and no strength except through Allah, the Most High, the Almighty. He is sufficient for us, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.
All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May Allah send blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.”
Ijmāh on Kūfr of one who rules by Man-Made Lāws
Shāykh Mahmoud Shākir said:
“Their question — meaning the question of the Ibāḍiyyah to Abū Mijlaz concerning the Tāfsir of the Ayāh
• was not about what the innovators of our time use as an argument concerning judging in matters of property, honor, and .... by a law contrary to the Sharīʿah of the Muslims,
• nor was it about issuing a binding law that requires the Muslims to seek judgment from other than the judgment of Allah in His Book and upon the tongue of His Prophet ﷺ.
For this action is turning away from the judgment of Allah, abandoning His religion, and preferring the rulings of disbelief over the judgment of Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He.
And no one from the people of the qiblah, despite their differences, has any doubt concerning declaring the one who says this (that Man-Mande Laws are Kufr Duna Kufr) and calls to it (Lāws) to be a Kafir “
📕 Maḥmūd Muḥammad Shākir’s notes to al-Ṭabarī, Jāmiʿ al-Bayān, vol. 10, p. 348
Imam Ash-Shawkani: Takfir on the Tawaghit of the Ottomans for Ruling by Man-Made Laws
“Among these matters is that they rule according to ṭāghūt and refer their disputes to those among them who are knowledgeable about the laws of ṭāghūt, in matters that arise and confront them, without expressing any disapproval, without feeling shame before Allah or His servants, and without fearing anyone.
There is no doubt or uncertainty that this is disbelief in Allah—Glorified is He—and in His Sharia, which He revealed to His Messenger and chose for His servants in His Book and through the words of His Messenger ﷺ.
Indeed, they have disbelieved in all the divinely revealed laws, from the time of Adam (peace be upon him) until the present. Fighting them is obligatory, and fighting them is an individual obligation, until they accept the rulings of Islam, submit to them, and judge among themselves according to the purified Sharia.
They must also abandon all the satanic ṭāghūt systems in which they are involved.
Furthermore, they persist in other matters besides ruling according to ṭāghūt and referring their disputes to it. Each of these matters, individually, entails disbelief on the part of the person who commits it and their departure from Islam. An example of this is their collective agreement to deprive women of their inheritance, their persistence in doing so, and their mutual support in carrying out this practice.”