Sami Ville Karinen

Interested in General System(s) Evolution. Resource waste prevention in households is one theory test, by interconnecting different types of systems: @kitsain.

[Sami Ville Karinen @2ghz]

Voiko ikiaikaisen sosialistisessa/vasemmistolaisessa (koska inhottava sää ja luonto, Venäjä ja mitä kaikkea) Suomessa oikeistolainen olla muuta kuin vasemmistolainen, jos ei ole työllistänyt vasemmistolaista? 🤔

[Illia Ponomarenko 🇺🇦 @IAPonomarenko]

Well-known Ukrainian military aerial reconnaissance specialist Oleksandr "Serg Marco" Karpiuk writes on Facebook:

"...Starlink is a civilian communications system. And SpaceX is responsible for its civilian use. Standard Starlink terminals currently have a default speed limit of 22 m/s.

To enable flight at speeds above 22 m/s, Ukraine signed contracts for Starshield, which is overseen by the Pentagon. This is already a military system, with Starlink terminals that offer greater functionality, although the accounts are considerably more expensive.

And it was the Pentagon that did two things in a single day: restricted intelligence sharing and changed the parameters of Starshield accounts.

This was a decision by the head of the Pentagon, Pete Hegseth. Clearly on Trump's orders...."

Maybe this is the key to understanding what exactly happened.

[Sami Ville Karinen @2ghz]

Ja kukaties, jos näidenkin kiristysten (värväyskohdennusten?) takana on idän valtio, vaikka päällimmäinen motiivi näyttäisi olevan raha (tai esim. saavat rahaa myymällä langenneiden tietoja valtiollisille toimijoille tai toimijat ehkä vain piilevästi rikollisten palvelimilla tms). @CybersecurityFI
https://t.co/tH3gKuZEHN

[Sami Ville Karinen @2ghz]

@PaivarintaSusa, kaippa vapaassa yhteiskunnassa nimenomaan kansanedustaja saa kotimaassaan kertoa, jos kotiinsa/mökkiinsä tms. on tunkeuduttu. Pitäisi ehkä keskustella avoimesti myös se, onko joissakin tapauksissa esim. savupiipusta pudottautunut minidrooni tai muu videokauko-ohjattu kyhäelmä, joka olisi kyennyt avaamaan kaappeja, sytyttämään valoja ym. ja poistumaan vaikka vessanpöntön kautta. Kerrostalossa postiluukusta ja välioven kahvaa "koukuttamalla" saisi asuntoon vastaavia "minirobotteja" hämmenystä aiheuttamaan, salakuvaamaan/-kuuntelemaan. Em. riski koskee myös instituutioita ja yrityksiä, etätyöntekijöineen, liikoja kuitenkaan pelottelenatta. @JarnoLim @kokoomus @Suojelupoliisi

https://t.co/T6GqIU0AKt

[Sami Ville Karinen @2ghz]

@PaivarintaSusa, kaippa vapaassa yhteiskunnassa nimenomaan kansanedustaja saa kotimaassaan kertoa, jos kotiinsa/mökkiinsä tms. on tunkeuduttu. Pitäisi ehkä keskustella avoimesti myös se, onko joissakin tapauksissa esim. savupiipusta pudottautunut minidrooni tai muu videokauko-ohjattu kyhäelmä, joka olisi kyennyt avaamaan kaappeja, sytyttämään valoja ym. ja poistumaan vaikka vessanpöntön kautta. Kerrostalossa postiluukusta ja välioven kahvaa "koukuttamalla" saisi asuntoon vastaavia "minirobotteja" hämmenystä aiheuttamaan, salakuvaamaan/-kuuntelemaan. Em. riski koskee myös instituutioita ja yrityksiä, etätyöntekijöineen, liikoja kuitenkaan pelottelenatta. @JarnoLim @kokoomus @Suojelupoliisi

https://t.co/T6GqIU0AKt

[Kate from Kharkiv @BohuslavskaKate]

Zelenskyy: "When our strikes reached Yandex data centers, it suddenly became little easier to breathe on many social media platforms. Many people noticed it.

There was less hate, less division, fewer provocations because there were fewer bots. It's pretty clear where those bots were coming from.

If they disappeared when Yandex went offline, this proves once again that Europe is not the source of the problems."

The big problem is that Russia figured out how modern society consumes information a decade ago, but the West hasn't.

​There are millions of bots commenting and posting Russian propaganda. There are paid influencers spreading it, with Russian bots supporting their content.

There is a gigantic machine operating to radicalize and influence Western societies, and there is not enough defense in place.

It doesn't just influence elections, it sows discord, engulfs societies in culture wars, radicalizes teenagers, and shapes political decisions when elected officials fail to read the room.

​That needs to change. And fast.

[medoyid_ua @LetsArmUKR]

The White House has now clarified what Trump’s “energy ceasefire” actually means. A White House official told Axios the deal covers oil refineries only, deliberately leaving out power plants and grids.

The asymmetry is obvious.

Ukraine's one major refinery, Kremenchuk, is partially disabled after repeated Russian strikes. • Russia has dozens of refineries feeding its war economy.

• Ukraine imports diesel and gas. What Kyiv needs is protection for its electricity grid.

• What Washington is offering protects Russian refining capacity while leaving Ukrainian power generation exposed.

So Moscow gives up nothing. Kyiv is asked to stop hitting the one target set that actually hurts the Russian war machine.

The Kremlin has an answer. Hours after Trump announced the ceasefire, Russia struck a power plant in Kharkiv.

Another strike hit a grocery store. Three people were killed, including children.

Twenty-two wounded. The power plant strike technically complied with the White House framework because power plants were never covered.

That is exactly the point.

The White House says the Russians are “thinking about it” and that we will know soon if they are ready.

A White House official says Trump is "really furious" at Zelensky, while Russia killed civilians hours after his announcement. Witkoff and Kushner postponed their Moscow trip until they get clarity on a new proposal.

Clarity from whom? The side that has not accepted a single ceasefire form and just bombed Kharkiv again.

Mediation stays off the table. This permission structure allows Russian escalation while keeping Ukrainian restraint built in.

[Stanisław Żaryn @StZaryn]

⚠️‼️Jeszcze w 2022 roku w ramach dyskusji wewnętrznych rosyjscy stratedzy rozważali sytuację i taktykę działań Moskwy, sugerując „podpalenie świata” w celu osiągnięcia celów wojennych. Po nieudanej próbie zdobycia Kijowa w 2022 roku jeden z rosyjskich strategów A. Podbieriozkin nakreślił trzy scenariusze dotyczące przyszłości wojny i jej wpływu na Rosję.

⚠️Dwa pierwsze (wycofanie z UA oraz trwałe zamrożenie frontu) w ocenie Podbieriozkina doprowadziłyby do zniszczenia rosyjskiej państwowości. Wycofanie z Ukrainy prowadziłoby do szybkiego a trwale zamrożenie wojny - powolnego upadku Federacji Rosyjskiej w jej obecnym kształcie. Alternatywa była więc jednoznaczna: wojna będzie postępować i Rosja pokona Ukrainę, albo Federacja Rosyjska przestanie istnieć. Strateg Rosji tłumaczył, że jedyną opcją jest zatem dalsza wojna, jak trzeba prowadzona latami. A taktyką, która miała umożliwić realizację zwycięskiego scenariusza, było w jego koncepcji wywołanie ogólnoświatowego chaosu, destabilizacji i - jak już cytowałem - „podpalenie świata”, by Rosja miała otwartą drogę na Kijów.

To, co obserwujemy od dłuższego czasu to właśnie realizacja tej myśli taktycznej - Rosja sięga po eskalację, groźby, uderzenia kinetyczne, szantaż nuklearny, cyberwojnę, dezinformację, kinetyczne prowokacje, zabójstwa, uderzenia dronami i wiele innych środków, by wywołać chaos, zastraszenie i destabilizację, by „podpalić świat”, pokonać Ukrainę i przejąć jej zasoby. To aktualny cel strategiczny. Rosja uderza szerzej i wytwarza warunki do realizacji, celu który jest dla niej krytyczny - przejęcia kontroli nad państwem i zasobami Ukrainy.

Ale nie końcowe założenia i cele. Dzisiejsza eskalacja przeciwko Zachodowi ma pozwolić pokonać Ukrainę, a w przyszłości ma dać Rosji, kontrolującej Ukrainę i Białoruś, szansę na zniszczenie NATO.

Już mamy do czynienia z agresją i wojną wywiadowczą przeciwko Zachodowi, ale cele rosyjskie są dużo szersze. I dotykać będą dalej Europy i NATO. Rosja stanowi dziś krytyczne zagrożenie dla Zachodu, a jej cele pozostają jednoznacznie wrogie wobec krajów NATO.

[medoyid_ua @LetsArmUKR]

A Fox News host just claimed Ukraine has killed “a million kids on the Russian side. ”

A million. On air.

No source. No evidence.

No follow-up.

A blood libel broadcast to millions, painting the victim as the aggressor.

If the claim were true, there would be documentation. Nothing exists.

Just a monstrous accusation left hanging because the network knows its audience will not ask for proof.

Source: @OstapYarysh

[Kate from Kharkiv @BohuslavskaKate]

An oil terminal in Rostov is transferring its diesel to the cloud. That's where Trump can get it if he wants to.

[Mike Pence @Mike_Pence]

President Trump’s decision to lift sanctions on Russian fuel amidst Putin’s ongoing and brutal attacks on civilian targets in Ukraine makes no sense and is a betrayal of the legacy and leadership of the late Senator Lindsey Graham.

While Ukraine fights for its survival, Putin’s war machine continues to prosecute his terrorist war on civilian populations and innocent Ukrainians are dying every day.

Now, Instead of implementing the tough sanctions Lindsey Graham fought to his last breath to enact, President Trump has announced the United States is lifting sanctions on Russian energy, fueling the Putin’s war machine.

As I saw firsthand in Ukraine last month, Putin is losing this war. Ukraine has fought the Russian military to a standstill and reinvented warfare with drones taking the fight into the heart of Russia.

America should not be throwing a lifeline to Putin’s war machine. Now is the time to stand strong against Russian aggression as we did during the first Trump administration.

Putin doesn’t want peace. Putin wants Ukraine. I have no doubt that if Putin overruns Ukraine, it will only be a matter of time until Russia’s military crosses a border that our troops will have to deal with him.

America is the Leader of the Free World. For our National Security, for the security of our Allies in Europe including Ukraine, President Trump should rescind this deal immediately and return to the strong policies of our four years in the White House; impose harsh sanctions on any nation purchasing Russian energy and work with our allies to ensure Ukraine has the military support it needs to repel and defeat this Russian invasion once and for all. Slava Ukraini🇺🇸🇺🇦

[Volodymyr Zelenskyy / Володимир Зеленський @ZelenskyyUa]

What allowing Russia to sell oil products means was heard most clearly in Kyiv just now, when, after repeated attacks on energy facilities with jet-powered “shaheds,” Russia launched a ballistic missile attack as well. Some of the missiles were intercepted. This once again clearly demonstrates Russia’s true intentions. They count on prolonging the war, terrorizing ordinary people, and destroying infrastructure.

Every additional billion dollars they can earn from exports will be spent on nothing but sourcing and importing critical components and equipment to manufacture weapons, upgrading “shaheds,” producing missiles, and recruiting even more mercenaries to fight at the front. Russia’s choice is war. And they will be ready to end it only when they feel that their ability to drag the war out is diminishing.

Unfortunately, the signals Russia received yesterday were entirely different – signals suggesting that it could simply keep attacking. And this needs to be corrected. Strong signals are needed from the United States, Europe, and other partners – signals in support of Ukraine and to RESTRICT Russia’s ability to wage war and terrorize people. Thank you to everyone who stands with Ukraine!

[medoyid_ua @LetsArmUKR]

Slovakia is reopening the door Moscow spent four years trying to pry open.

THE AGREEMENT Robert Fico and Vladimir Putin reached the deal during the May visit to Moscow. The freeze on military relations is over.

Attaches are moving in both directions again.

THE EXCHANGE Bratislava has dispatched General Slavomir Staviarsky and Colonel Ivo Gahir to the Russian capital. A Russian military officer is now heading to Slovakia in return.

Slovakia's opposition sees real danger here: the incoming Russian officer could be working for Russian intelligence services, and they are pointing at that risk instead of treating this as routine diplomacy.

The pattern is familiar. Moscow uses military attache posts as cover for officers whose real job is collection, recruitment, and preparation of networks.

When European countries expelled Russian intelligence officers after February 2022, the Kremlin did not abandon the method. It waited for governments willing to reopen the channel.

Fico has now handed Moscow exactly that. A four-year freeze ends, and the first thing Russia gets is a physical presence inside a NATO member state.

The attache exchange carries real weight. It is infrastructure.

Offices, access, routines, contacts. Once established, it becomes harder to remove than it was to block.

Bratislava is making a choice. The rest of the alliance will have to live with the consequences.

[Illia Ponomarenko 🇺🇦 @IAPonomarenko]

The best thing you can do right now is turn your outrage and anger into a voluntary donation to the Ukrainian military.

Today, the Ukrainian military is one of the last bastions of goodness, decency, courage, and the values of the free world, fighting with weapons in hand, with the help of people of goodwill and wisdom, against the forces of the Axis: fascist Russia and its totalitarian allies.

In this war against an enemy so vastly superior in resources and ruthlessness, nothing will ever be enough. That is why, for many years now, we in Ukraine have had large and extremely popular civilian foundations supporting our fighting military. They raise hundreds of millions of dollars in donations from ordinary people and help purchase enormous quantities of gear, equipment, vehicles, and services for the military: from first-aid kits to armored vehicles, drones, high-tech components, and even satellites.

Personally, I recommend three of the largest and best-known foundations, which you can trust with complete peace of mind and which accept donations through any legal means from anywhere in the world: Come Back Alive @BackAndAlive, the Prytula Foundation @serhiyprytula, and the Sternenko Community @sternenkofund.

They are one of the reasons Ukraine is still fighting, and this is a cause that you, personally, can help support.

[medoyid_ua @LetsArmUKR]

Moscow is now openly acknowledging the price tag on a pause. It wants sanctions relief and sees the energy ceasefire as the way to get it.

THE DMITRIEV CHANNEL

Kirill Dmitriev flew to Washington twice in September. His interlocutors were Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner.

His message was a demand: Russia expects sanctions relief as part of any energy truce with Ukraine, and Moscow wants that initiative tied to a Black Sea ceasefire.

Two Ukrainian officials and one American official confirmed the private signaling to The Kyiv Independent. Publicly, the Kremlin pretends no such offer exists.

THE PUBLIC DENIAL

On October 8, Dmitry Peskov called the energy sector Ukraine's Achilles' heel and said Moscow sees no point in a sectoral ceasefire.

The standard Kremlin split-screen. In public, we keep the discussion closed.

In private, Russian officials signal willingness to consider the initiative, but only if Washington pays for it.

A European diplomat familiar with the talks suggested Moscow may push for unfreezing Russian assets as part of the arrangement.

Ukrainian officials involved in the negotiations say they have yet to learn which specific restrictions Moscow wants lifted.

The Power Phase

One senior Ukrainian defense official put the timing bluntly: Russia is trying to inflict maximum damage on Ukraine's energy infrastructure now, before any talks, to enter negotiations holding the strongest possible hand.

The October 8 assault caused widespread blackouts across Kyiv. Daily outages are already a reality.

Ukraine's delegation is meeting with Trump's special envoys in the United States today. Kyiv expects to hear what Washington discussed with Moscow, and it will demand clarity on the sanctions demand.

THE KYIV POSITION

Ukraine opposes any arrangement where Russia receives economic benefit in exchange for stopping attacks on energy infrastructure.

The principle is simple: both sides stop striking energy targets, and Russia gets no additional concessions for agreeing to a pause it should never have needed to be paid for.

Moscow treats a ceasefire as a concession it chooses to make. The minimum condition for any serious negotiation.

Kyiv is not offering to finance the Kremlin's war machine as a reward for temporarily sparing Ukrainian power plants.

[Tymofiy Mylovanov @Mylovanov]

Politkovskaya: The West sold our interests, our people, for this gas. To justify itself, it calls Russia stable. It's all lies. The West cares for its own people, as any ruler should. So why does our own president not give a damn about his? 6X

[Tymofiy Mylovanov @Mylovanov]

Anna Politkovskaya covered Putin and his war in Chechnya. Putin killed her in 2006.

Politkovskaya: He is a true Soviet KGB officer. A bit antisemitic, a bit fascist. Deep down, he does not understand that a person has rights. His rule fills me with hopelessness. 1/

[Mykhailo Rohoza @MykhailoRohoza]

🇺🇦 Have you noticed how much our President has changed throughout these years of war?

Look at Volodymyr Zelenskyy in 2019. Then look at him today. The difference is written on his face, in his eyes, in every expression. These are not merely the marks of passing years. They are the marks of war, responsibility, exhaustion, and unimaginable pressure.

People, I don't think we can truly comprehend the burden this man carries.

It is enormous. Overwhelming. Almost beyond human endurance.

To those who constantly criticize our President, I would say this: Try putting yourself in his shoes for just one minute.

Imagine waking up every morning knowing that millions of lives depend on your decisions. Imagine carrying the weight of a nation fighting for its very existence. Imagine negotiating with world leaders, confronting betrayal, facing impossible choices, and knowing that every mistake could cost human lives.

Many would not survive a single day under such pressure. Many would simply give up.

But Volodymyr Zelenskyy has not given up.

He stayed when others expected him to flee. He stood firm when the world doubted Ukraine's survival. And he continues to fight for his country, its people, and its future.

This does not mean he is perfect. No president is. Criticism is a fundamental right in a democracy, and leadership must always remain accountable.

But before condemning him, remember one simple truth: while we argue, criticize, and demand the impossible, he carries the responsibility of leading an entire nation through the bloodiest war Europe has witnessed in generations.

War offers no comfortable choices. No easy victories. No guarantees.

And yet he continues.

Ukraine does not need blind worship of its leaders. But neither does it need endless division, hatred, and accusations that weaken us from within.

Ukraine needs strength. Unity. Courage. And an unshakable belief in what we are fighting for.

You can disagree with Zelenskyy. You can criticize his decisions. But you cannot deny the extraordinary weight he has carried since February 24, 2022.

History will judge his presidency.

But history will also remember that when Ukraine faced its darkest hour, Volodymyr Zelenskyy did not abandon his country.

He stayed. He stood. He fought.

🇺🇦 And Ukraine is still standing.

[medoyid_ua @LetsArmUKR]

Trump calls it a breakthrough. The math says Putin handed him a pile of surplus he already needed to dump.

THE CONCESSION THAT WASN'T

Janis Kluge, the economist who has devoted this war to reconstructing Russian budget and recruitment data, breaks down what actually happened. Russia has a diesel glut, not a shortage.

The Kremlin's real fuel problem is gasoline. Diesel was already piling up, and with the harvest season ending, agricultural demand drops further.

The surplus was going to grow no matter what Trump said on the call.

Interfax reported on October 6, three days before Trump's announcement, that Russian authorities were already considering a partial lift of the diesel export ban in October for select producers.

The goal was simple: avoid overstocking refineries. Putin did not give Trump anything.

He monetized a logistics problem.

THE BARRELS PER DAY

Trump's numbers sound large until you convert them.

300,000 tons in October is 75,000 barrels per day.

500,000 tons in November is 125,000 barrels per day.

One million tons in December is 250,000 barrels per day.

Russia exported 500,000 to 600,000 barrels of diesel per day last year. Even the December figure is less than half of normal Russian export volume.

This barely changes American pump prices within the global market.

THE PRICE TAG

What Putin actually gets is sanctions relief through legitimized diesel transactions, export revenue while his budget is under severe pressure, and political capital with Trump, who gets to claim a victory before the midterms.

Kluge's read is blunt: Trump is making a lot of noise about nothing. The diesel will mostly flow to China and India, not American filling stations.

The framing about deliveries to the American market is misleading.

Putin sacrificed nothing. He sold the same surplus he was already preparing to export and got paid in sanctions erosion and a photo-ready win for Trump.

[Volodymyr Zelenskyy / Володимир Зеленський @ZelenskyyUa]

Миру завдяки слабкості ніколи не буває. Сьогодні в Києві були представники Конгресу США – двопартійна делегація, і я вдячний їм за візит в Україну в такий складний час. Вони запитали: «Що потрібно, щоб закінчити війну?» Відповідь має бути сильною. Мають бути санкції за законом Ліндсі Грема, має бути підтримка для України у захисті життя, і має бути тиск на Росію за війну. І сьогодні була розмова лідерів Америки та Росії. Розмова, яка веде до іншого.

Нещодавно було європейське рішення про зняття санкцій з російських олігархів. Після нього російських ударів і знущань з людей стало тільки більше. Лише за цей тиждень жорстокий удар російської ракети по будинку в Прилуках, авіабомби по Краматорську – по звичайних міських автобусах, постійні обстріли енергетики Києва, інфраструктури життя в Дніпрі, Харкові, Одесі та в інших наших містах. Десятки загиблих людей і сотні поранених.

Росіяни компенсують таким терором свою нездатність досягти визначених їм цілей на фронті. В цьому році Росія на фронті найслабша, ніж в будь-який інший час війни. Саме тому Путін покладається на терор. Саме тому він покладається на спроби кулуарних домовленостей про те чи інше послаблення тиску на Росію, щоб купити ще час і можливості для війни.

Будь-яке послаблення санкцій проти Росії без чіткої та тривалої деескалаційної домовленості з Росією – це очевидна слабкість, це грає на Росію, на те, що вона вбиватиме більше, воюватиме довше, ще менше буде поважати Америку і завдасть ще більше втрат і збитків світу.

Україна готова до дзеркальних деескалаційних кроків, і американська команда знає цю нашу позицію. Наші удари по російських нафтопереробних заводах та інших нафтових обʼєктах – це відповідь Росії на її вже кількарічну кампанію терору проти української енергетики. Україна не буде спалювати російську нафтопереробку, якщо Росія не буде руйнувати нашу енергетику. Ми пропонуємо Америці саме таку домовленість і вважаємо, що сили Сполучених Штатів достатньо, щоб досягти такого компромісу.

Подарунки Путіну не спрацюють на мир і будь-яку користь для цивілізованого світу. Росія «віддячить» за дизель подальшим терором та підлостями. Дозвіл Росії продавати нафтопродукти – це інвестиція у війну, яку треба закінчити, а не продовжити. Потрібна реальна деескалація з Росією і в дзеркальному форматі.

Розраховуємо на справедливу підтримку Америкою нашого захисту життя, нашого захисту людей в Україні і на відповідну сильну розмову Сполучених Штатів з Росією. Сильну, а не слабку.

[Volodymyr Zelenskyy / Володимир Зеленський @ZelenskyyUa]

Peace never comes through weakness. Today, representatives of the U.S. Congress were in Kyiv – a bipartisan delegation – and I am grateful to them for visiting Ukraine at such a difficult time. They asked: what is needed to end the war? The answer must be strong. There must be sanctions under the Lindsey Graham bill, there must be support for Ukraine in protecting lives, and there must be pressure on Russia for its war. And today, there was a conversation between the leaders of America and Russia. A conversation that leads to something different.

Recently, there was a European decision to lift sanctions on Russian oligarchs. Since then, Russian strikes and the torment of people have only increased. This past week alone, there was a brutal Russian missile strike on a residential building in Pryluky, aerial bombs were dropped on Kramatorsk – on ordinary city buses – and there have been constant attacks on Kyiv’s energy infrastructure and on the life-sustaining infrastructure in Dnipro, Kharkiv, Odesa, and our other cities. Dozens of people have been killed and hundreds wounded.

The Russians are compensating for their inability to achieve their objectives on the battlefield with this kind of terror. This year, Russia is weaker on the battlefield than at any other point in the war. That is why Putin is relying on terror. That is why he is relying on attempts to strike backroom deals to secure some form of pressure relief for Russia, in order to buy more time and more opportunities for war.

Any easing of sanctions against Russia without a clear and lasting de-escalation agreement with Russia is an obvious weakness. It plays into Russia’s hands – allowing it to kill more, wage war for longer, have even less respect for America, and inflict even greater losses and damage on the world.

Ukraine is ready to take symmetrical de-escalatory steps, and the American team knows our position. Our strikes on Russian oil refineries and other oil facilities are a response to Russia’s years-long campaign of terror against Ukraine’s energy sector. Ukraine will not set Russian oil refineries on fire if Russia does not destroy our energy infrastructure. This is the kind of agreement we are proposing to America, and we believe the United States has enough power to achieve such a compromise.

Gifts to Putin will not bring peace or any benefit to the civilized world. Russia will “repay” the diesel with further terror and perfidy. Allowing Russia to sell petroleum products is an investment in a war that must be ended, not prolonged. What is needed is real de-escalation with Russia on a reciprocal basis.

We count on America’s fair support for our defense of life, for our defense of people in Ukraine – and on the United States having a correspondingly strong conversation with Russia. A strong one, not a weak one.