No complexity. No accident.
10/10 was caused by irresponsible marketing campaigns by certain companies.
On October 10, tens of billions of dollars were liquidated. As CEO of OKX, we observed clearly that the crypto marketâs microstructure fundamentally changed after that day.
Many industry participants believe the damage was more severe than the FTX collapse. Since then, there has been extensive discussion about why it happened and how to prevent a recurrence. The root causes are not difficult to identify.
âž»
What actually happened
1.Binance launched a temporary user-acquisition campaign offering 12% APY on USDe, while allowing USDe to be used as collateral with the same treatment as USDT and USDC, and without effective limits.
2.USDe is a tokenized hedge fund product.
Ethena raises capital via a so-called âstablecoin,â deploys it into index arbitrage and algorithmic trading strategies, and tokenizes the resulting fund. The token can then be deposited on exchanges to earn yield.
3.USDe is fundamentally different from products such as
BlackRock BUIDL and Franklin Templeton BENJI, which are tokenized money market funds with low-risk profiles.
USDe, by contrast, embeds hedge-fund-level risk. This difference is structural, not cosmetic.
4.Binance users were encouraged to convert USDT and USDC into USDe to earn attractive yields, without sufficient emphasis on the underlying risks. From a userâs perspective, trading with USDe appeared no different from trading with traditional stablecoinsâwhile the actual risk profile was materially higher.
5.Risk escalated further as users:
âąconverted USDT/USDC into USDe,
âąused USDe as collateral to borrow USDT,
âąconverted the borrowed USDT back into USDe,
âąand repeated the cycle.
This leverage loop produced artificial APYs of 24%, 36%, and even 70%+, widely perceived as âlow riskâ simply because they were offered by a major platform. Systemic risk accumulated rapidly across the global crypto market.
https://t.co/IK2gW4xUOP that point, even a small market shock was sufficient to trigger a collapse.
When volatility hit, USDe depegged quickly. Cascading liquidations followed, and weaknesses in risk management around assets such as WETH and BNSOL further amplified the crash. Some tokens briefly traded near zero.
The damage to global users and companiesâincluding OKX customersâwas severe, and recovery will take time.
âž»
Why this matters
I am discussing the root cause, not assigning blame or launching an attack on Binance. Speaking openly about systemic risks is sometimes uncomfortable, but it is necessary if the industry is to mature responsibly.
I expect there may be significant misinformation and coordinated FUD directed at OKX in the near future. Even so, speaking honestly about systemic risk is the right thing to doâand we will continue to do so.
As the largest global platform, Binance has outsized influenceâand corresponding responsibilityâas an industry leader. Long-term trust in crypto cannot be built on short-term yield games, excessive leverage, or marketing practices that obscure risk.
The industry needs leaders who prioritize market stability, transparency, and responsible innovationânot a winner-take-all mentality where criticism is treated as hostility.
Crypto is still early.
What we choose to normalize today will determine whether this industry earns lasting trustâor repeats the same mistakes again.
Crypto is "Boring" because it's Maturing, and the painful transition is just beginning. Who is staying and who is moving on...
CT is down because the easy money is gone. When they say crypto is "boring," they mean itâs becoming serious.
The era of easy scams, TGEs with no product, and simply buying/holding without adding value is over. It's now about serious work and real competition.
monad refused binance's 10% token supply demand worth $300-500m at current prices. recovered from $0.024 to $0.05 without them. hyperliquid had 10-100x deeper mon orderbooks than tier 1 cexs. south korea delivered 35% of volume through upbit/bithumb. the extraction economy just broke. paradigm and dragonfly portfolio companies taking notes.
X402 Lets AI agents pay each other autonomously using crypto/stablecoins via HTTP-402 (Payment Required) a payment protocol. Like Visa / Stripe / PayPal, but for AI agents instead of humans.
ORGO Gives AI agents their own computers (virtual machines/desktops) to think, work, and act, a compute + runtime http://layer. Like AWS EC2 or cloud desktops, but built specifically for autonomous AI agents.
G85CQEBqwsoe3qkb5oXXpdZFh7uhYXhDRsQAM4aJuBLV