UPSC

[UPSC @720_sai]

@urstrulytejak @_Abhi_Ke_Abhi Thanks bayya
Any suggestions from your experience?

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 54
What is polity
- polity studies how power is organised and exercised in a society
- a constitution sets the rules for governing authority and limits power
- it defines institutions,rights and responsibilities
- it ensures order legitimacy and accountability

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 52
What is geography
- Geography studies the earth as a system where land,water,air and life interact
- physical processes shape climate,landforms and resources
- Human activities are influenced by natural resources
- it links nature - human - space explaining difference

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 51:
What is history
- History studies change over the time
- It explains how societies, power and institutions evolved
- Evidence comes from text, archeology and inscriptions
- it helps us to understand the present through its roots

[UPSC @720_sai]

DAY 50
Circular economy
- This economy minimizes waste by reusing,repairing and recycling
- This will be the reduce the production of materials repeatedly
- It reduces pollution and resource extraction
- it is key to climate action and resource security

[UPSC @720_sai]

DAY 49
Carbon neutrality
-Carbon neutrality is the process balancing carbon emissions and carbon absorption
-Emissions are reduced first, remaining emissions are offset by FORESTS,RENEWABLES OR CARBON CAPTURE
-india has comitted to net zero by 2070

[UPSC @720_sai]

DAY 48 -
Capital expenditure vs Revenue expenditure
- capital expenditure creates long term assets for future growth and sustainability of the country
- revenue expenditure is for present functioning of the country by paying salaries,subsidies,interest
- budget prioritize capex

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 47
What is a Vaccine?
• A vaccine trains the immune system to recognize and fight a disease without causing illness.
• It introduces a harmless form or fragment of a pathogen.
• This creates immune memory, enabling faster response on real exposure.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 46
What are the Four Noble Truths (Buddhism)?
• Life involves suffering (Dukkha).
• Suffering arises from desire and attachment.
• Suffering can end by eliminating desire.
• The Eightfold Path is the way to end suffering.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 45
What is a Cyclone?
• A cyclone is a large rotating storm formed over warm ocean waters.
• It has low pressure at the center, causing strong winds and heavy rainfall.
• Cyclones weaken after landfall due to loss of moisture and friction.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 44
What is the Repo Rate?
• Repo rate is the interest rate at which the RBI lends money to banks
• Lower repo rate→cheaper loans→more spending and growth
• Higher repo rate→costlier loans→controls inflation
• It is RBI’s primary tool to manage inflation and liquidity

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 43
What is the Blue Economy?
• The Blue Economy refers to sustainable use of ocean and coastal resources for growth.
• It includes fisheries, shipping, tourism, offshore energy, and marine biotechnology.
• Goal: economic development without degrading marine ecosystems.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 42
What is Blockchain?
• Blockchain is a shared digital ledger that records transactions securely and transparently.
• Data is stored in blocks linked together, making tampering extremely difficult.
• It works without a central authority, using network consensus.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 41
RTI(right to information)
-This act was introduced in 2005
-RTI empowers citizens to seek information from public authorities
-it promotes transparency and accountability in governance
-public bodies must reply within time constraint

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 40
What is Demographic Dividend?
A demographic dividend occurs when a country has a large working-age population and fewer dependents.
It can accelerate growth through higher productivity and savings.
But without education, skills, and jobs, it turns into a demographic burden

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 39
What is Plate Tectonics?
• Plate tectonics explains the movement of large pieces of Earth’s crust called plates.
• These plates float over a semi-molten layer and move slowly.
• Their movement causes earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and ocean basins.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 38
What is Current Account Deficit (CAD)?
• CAD occurs when a country’s imports exceed its exports of goods, services, and income.
• It means the country is spending more foreign currency than it earns.
• In India, CAD is mainly driven by oil imports and gold demand.

[UPSC @720_sai]

Day 37
What is La Niña?
• La Niña is the abnormal cooling of the central–eastern Pacific Ocean.
• It is the opposite phase of El Niño.
• Stronger trade winds push warm water towards Asia.
• For India, La Niña often means a stronger monsoon and higher rainfall.