Spider Molting:
๐ทTarantulas have an #exoskeleton, a stiff outer structure housing its internal organs
๐ทTo grow larger tarantulas must form a new exoskeleton and #shed their previous, smaller covering
๐ทTo wriggle out, the spider lies on its side and slowly pulls out its legs
Tarantulas are not only skilled climbers and hunters but also swimmers! They can walk on water, thanks to the surface tension and their ability to "row" using their first three pairs of legs.
In the Amazon, some tarantulas have tiny frogs as housemates.
The dotted humming frog lives in burrows alongside large burrowing tarantulas in Peru. The spider, which could easily eat the frog, recognizes it by chemical signal and leaves it alone.
Both species get something out of the deal.
The frog gets a fortress. Tarantulas defend their burrows aggressively, and one was documented attacking a 90 cm snake that came too close.
The frog also gets to scavenge bits of insect prey the spider drops, plus a humid microclimate that protects it from the desiccating heat of the rainforest floor.
The tarantula gets pest control. Spider eggs are vulnerable to ants, which can wipe out an entire egg sac if they find one. The frog eats ants.
So while the spider is hunting bigger prey, the frog is patrolling the burrow eating the small invertebrates that would otherwise destroy the spider's offspring.
It's been documented across at least four countries, Peru, Paraguay, India, and Sri Lanka, between different frog families and different tarantula species. Which means this relationship evolved independently multiple times.
Big spiders and tiny frogs keep finding each other on different continents and figuring out the same arrangement.
A spider has pest control. A frog has a bodyguard.
This is the Brazilian jeweled tarantula, one of the most colorful spiders in the world
Its metallic blue legs and bright green, pink, and orange markings help make it one of the most striking tarantulas ever discovered