#Allergen immunotherapy (#AIT) is currently the only disease‑modifying treatment for IgE‑mediated allergic diseases, achieved through repeated, incremental controlled exposure to clinically relevant allergens. By inducing long‑term allergen tolerance, AIT down‑regulates Th2‑driven inflammation and restores immune homeostasis. Mechanistically, this involves the induction and persistence of regulatory T and B cells, a shift in antibody production from allergen‑specific IgE towards blocking IgG, and reduced activation of effector cells. Together, these coordinated immunomodulatory changes attenuate allergic hypersensitivity and mitigate tissue inflammation, which translates into sustained symptom control and improved quality of life for patients.
This issue starts with an editorial by Eiwegger and Pfaar on integrating an "onion model" into routine pediatric care for early allergy risk stratification and prevention of type 2 inflammatory diseases. The second editorial by Stodulski et al., discusses how autoclaving peanuts markedly reduces their IgE‑binding capacity and clinical reactivity, suggesting that autoclaving could improve safety. Hartenstein et al. argue that a recently proposed Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) of -0.22 points for the combined symptom and medication score in AIT trials is not yet fit for regulatory marketing authorization due to methodological shortcomings, and call for a valid evidence-based MCID to be defined through the EAACI Task Force. Hamelmann and Schaub et al. propose consensus-based algorithms for early risk assessment and recognition of allergies in children in already existing preventive medical check-ups to enable timely primary and secondary prevention of atopic diseases. Grimsholm and Zghaebi et al. review B cell mechanisms of allergic sensitization to inhalant allergens in the upper respiratory tract, covering epithelial barrier dysfunction, localized IgE production, B cell activation pathways, and the potential for modulating these responses toward tolerance. Jacob et al. find that in 91% of available economic evaluations, allergy immunotherapy is cost-effective compared to symptomatic pharmacotherapy for allergic rhinitis, particularly when accounting for patients with co-morbid asthma and sustained post-treatment benefits. Urbano et al. surveyed ARIA experts across 51 countries on the availability and costs of allergic rhinitis medications, finding wide international variability with intranasal corticosteroids and oral antihistamines universally available, oral antihistamines most often cheapest, and combination products most expensive. Jutel et al. show that an accelerated one-strength dose-escalation regimen for birch-pollen subcutaneous immunotherapy is safe and well-tolerated across children, adolescents and adults, with mostly mild local reactions and no serious events. Singh et al. demonstrate that peanut sublingual immunotherapy in children modulates component-specific IgE and IgG4 across Ara h 1, 2, 3 and 6 over 36 months, and identify low baseline Ara h 2-specific IgG4 as a potential predictive biomarker of remission. Arzt-Gradwohl and Schadelbauer et al. propose a practical diagnostic algorithm for Hymenoptera venom allergy, and introduce simple IgE ratio cut-offs to discriminate between bee and vespid allergy in double-positive cases. Liong et al. find that egg oral immunotherapy induces differential expression of 17 long non-coding RNAs linked to IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10 pathways and identify LOC644727 as a potential regulator of the shift from a pro-inflammatory Th2 profile toward tolerance. Didier et al. report that 5-grass-pollen sublingual immunotherapy drops significantly improves the combined symptom and medication score in adults with grass-pollen allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and are well tolerated.
Video‐based food allergy and anaphylaxis training for primary and middle school students - Yuksel Bulut - 2026 - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - Wiley Online Library https://t.co/brLq7PPksu
Egg Allergy Prevalence Before and After Guidelines for Earlier Egg Introduction | Allergy and Clinical Immunology | JAMA Pediatrics | JAMA Network https://t.co/S7LSJ5X0Wa
Great news: Omalizumab (Xolair) & OIT treatments equally enabled kids with multiple food allergies to eat allergenic foods longer term a study found. After 12-mths, over 60% of kids who'd done OIT or Xolair were still eating the foods. Read ➡️ @Stanford https://t.co/bmtATveFWb
Editorial comment: Food allergy‐related bullying as a school health and equity priority - Sadeghian - 2026 - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - Wiley Online Library https://t.co/FMWs9YrxBb
Timing of Exposure to Cow’s Milk Formula and Risk of Developing Cow’s Milk Allergy and Sensitization in the HealthNuts Study - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice https://t.co/d2O2V0UPZ5
Airway, Breathing or Circulation Failure in Fatal Food Anaphylaxis: A Nationally Representative Case Series - Coveney - 2026 - Clinical & Experimental Allergy - Wiley Online Library https://t.co/Qi8NB8UPCp
Safety and efficiency of peanut oral immunotherapy in preschool children with slow up-dosing and low maintenance dosing: a randomised controlled trial - The Lancet Regional Health – Europe https://t.co/Eflg0v2kvR