Arnold Pupkov

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🚀 Dubhe Engine Execution Model

Events and Transaction Processing

🧾 Dubhe-generated Schema modules also automatically generate corresponding event types for each data structure.

⚡ System modules can trigger these events during transaction execution to record important state changes.

📦 These events are recorded in block logs by the underlying chain.

🔍 On one hand, events improve transparency of on-chain state transitions, enabling offline analysis or indexing tools to capture key changes.On the other hand, components like Dubhe Indexer subscribe to on-chain event streams, implementing event-driven state synchronization.

⛓ Therefore, whenever transaction processing is completed (confirmed through consensus), associated state modifications and events can be quickly reflected in off-chain data views through Indexer.🖥 This provides near real-time state updates for frontends and developers.

🧠 In summary, Dubhe Engine's execution model innovates on-chain state management through Schema/System layering and dynamic fields, while following underlying chain Move VM transaction processing flows.

🔧 This brings:

Clearer contract structures 🏗
More convenient state expansion 📈
Stronger support for complex on-chain applications like game worlds 🎮

✅ Developers no longer need to worry about tedious low-level storage layouts and can focus on writing high-level business logic.

Dubhe has already built robust infrastructure for state transitions and data management at the engine layer.

#DubheEngine #Move #Sui #Web3infra #SmartContracts #Web3 #BlockchainDev

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

On-chain security OR real-time performance?

Why not both?🤔

See how we do it 👇

1/Dubhe Engine itself is not an independent blockchain, so it does not introduce new consensus algorithms.

Applications built with it ultimately deploy and run on existing infrastructure chains, such as Sui, etc. ⚡ This means transaction confirmation and on-chain state reliability of Dubhe DApps completely rely on the consensus mechanisms and security of corresponding underlying chains.

Taking Sui as an example 🟢, it uses Narwhal/Bullshark consensus 🦈 (a high-performance Byzantine fault-tolerant protocol) to order and confirm transactions;

Dubhe applications on Sui also go through this consensus process to reach final state.

✅ Once transactions are confirmed by underlying chain consensus, Dubhe's on-chain module execution results are considered immutable on-chain facts.

For developers 👨‍💻, there's no need to concern themselves with consensus implementation details to trust that Dubhe application states have the same security and consistency as other applications on the underlying chain.

2/Because application states are stored on underlying blockchains, Dubhe inherits underlying chain data availability guarantees — all blocks and state data submitted on-chain are propagated in the chain's peer-to-peer network 🌐 and stored by full nodes 🖥️, ensuring anyone can access and verify this data in the future.

Based on this, Dubhe further enhances data accessibility for developers through built-in indexers 📊.

Dubhe Indexer directly connects to blockchain nodes or full node RPC interfaces, monitors new blocks and events ⏱️, extracts and stores Dubhe application-related data in developer-owned databases.

This off-chain replica 🗄️ ensures applications don't need to rely on on-chain nodes when reading historical states or complex queries, improving query efficiency ⚡ and reliability.

When blockchains experience temporary network partitions or node desynchronization ⚠️, local data replicas maintained by Dubhe Indexer can also provide cache support to some extent, ensuring smooth operation of application frontends.

3/Worth mentioning 📝, Dubhe Indexer adopts a real-time, event-driven architecture ⏩ that can immediately push changes when on-chain data updates.

This is crucial for building real-time interactive on-chain games 🎮 or applications 📱: after users trigger transactions in DApps, not only do they get confirmation through underlying chain consensus ✅, but Indexer immediately provides new states to the application layer, achieving real-time synchronization of frontend interface states 🔄.

Therefore, from the perspective of application developers and users 👩‍💻👨‍💻, Dubhe not only utilizes underlying chain consensus to guarantee data reliability 🔒 and availability 📡, but also makes data usable through its own indexing mechanism, making it always available for efficient querying and response ⚡.

This is also one of Dubhe Engine's important characteristics 🌟 for real-time on-chain applications.

#DubheEngine #Move #Sui #SmartContracts #Web3 #BlockchainDev

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🚀 Dubhe Engine Execution Model

Logic and Data Decoupling Execution Flow

⚙️ In Dubhe Engine, business logic execution is completed by system modules, while state reads and writes are performed through Schema modules.

🔀 This decoupling allows developers to independently evolve logic and data structures:

🧱 When Schema structures need expansion or modification, old data can be migrated to new Schema through migration scripts (such as migrate.move) and hot upgrade mechanisms provided by Dubhe.

Business logic changes can also be implemented by publishing new system module versions without affecting underlying storage layouts.

During execution, system modules cooperate closely with Schema modules.

📦 For example, when system logic needs to create a new object instance, it actually calls Schema modules to create that object in on-chain resource storage and assign a unique key.

🔍 When system logic queries or modifies attributes, it also accesses or updates corresponding fields through functions provided by Schema.

🧩 This pattern can be compared to Entity-Component-System (ECS):

-Schema defines components (data)

-System modules play systems (logic)

-Certain on-chain object IDs are similar to entities, Mounting different components to entities through dynamic fields.

🚀 The result is higher modularity and upgradeability of on-chain state models while ensuring performance, similar to upgrading from manual low-level storage management to using high-level database ORM development experience.

#DubheEngine #Move #Sui #Web3infra #SmartContracts #Web3 #BlockchainDev

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🎉 Win $STARS – Lucky Draw #4

We're excited to launch Dubhe's final lucky draw — a fun giveaway for our amazing community! Next month, we'll be launching a brand-new campaign for the community.

❤️How to enter:https://t.co/7s49RcRINV

⏰ Ends: Sep 1, 12 PM UTC

✅Connect your Sui wallet address to Galxe
✅Complete the Galxe tasks

🎁 Rewards:
🏆 400 winners will be randomly selected
🤩 Each will receive 100K $STARS

Join now for your chance to win. 💫

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🎉 After a month of testing, the DubheOS Devnet Governance Campaign has been a great success.

Here's what the entire Dubhe community accomplished together:

🔁 30,000+ cross-chain transactions
📜 1,000+ governance proposals
⚙️ 100,000+ on-chain transactions on DubheOS

A big thank-you to everyone who participated. 🚀

#DubheOS #Dvenet #Web3 #DubheEngine #Bridge

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

✅ DubheOS Devnet Governance Testing Campaign Recap

Our campaign has officially ended — here are the details of participation and rewards:

🔹 Total unique addresses: 31,035
🔸 Total airdrop amount: 1,588,915,146 $STARS

🥇 Completed both Galxe tasks and DubheOS governance testing with the same Sui wallet address:
👥15,889 addresses
🌟Each can claim: 100,000 $STARS
📦 Total: 1,588,900,000 $STARS

🙌 Only completed Galxe tasks:
👥10,187 addresses
🌟 Each can claim: 1 $STARS
📦 Total: 10,187 $STARS

🛠️ Only participated in DubheOS governance testing:
👥4,959 addresses
🌟 Each can claim: 1 $STARS
📦 Total: 4,959 $STARS

🎁 The Claim page will go live this week — thank you for building with us on Dubhe! 💙

#DubheOS #STARS #OnChainGovernance #Airdrop

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🌌 Dubhe Engine: Vision & Positioning

Dubhe Engine is an open-source, high-performance Move application engine developed by Obelisk Labs 🛠️.

Dubhe Engine is designed to help developers build real-time, fully on-chain applications and verifiable game worlds 🎮🌐.

It positions itself as both a''Move Application Creation Engine'' and a ''Provable Game Engine,'' providing a complete toolchain 🧰 to simplify the complexity of on-chain development.

With Dubhe Engine, developers can rapidly build, deploy, and upgrade Move applications on chains like Sui — all while preserving Move's security 🔐 and achieving high-performance execution ⚡.

Dubhe Engine aims to reduce the complexity and cost 💸 of Move DApp development, making the construction of fully on-chain, user-intent-centered worlds more efficient and feasible 🏗️.

Its vision is to become a key building block of the Move ecosystem 🌱 — driving the rise of next-gen on-chain apps and games 🎯, and ultimately expanding the reach of the Move dev community 🌍.

Dubhe Engine brings blockchain development closer to traditional software workflows, lowering the barrier to entry 🚪, and enabling devs to focus on innovation and product 🚀 — not just infrastructure.

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🔧 What Powers Dubhe Engine: Key Components & Functions

Dubhe Engine's architecture consists of two major parts:

On-chain modules 🧱 and off-chain tools 🧰, each containing several core components that collectively support fully on-chain applications:

🧠 Harvard Architecture

Dubhe adopts the ''Harvard architecture''design philosophy, completely separating contract logic from state data.

On-chain, System Modules carry business logic while Schema Modules handle data storage, each serving their specific functions.

This modular separation improves code maintainability and extensibility.🛠️

📊 Schema Data Storage

Schema is Dubhe's native on-chain structured storage abstraction, similar to Move's ORM layer.

Developers use declarative Schema definitions ✍️ instead of manually writing Move resource structures, with tools automatically generating corresponding storage contracts.

Schema stores on-chain data in clear, intuitive structures and supports relational mapping for easy querying and management.🔍

⚙️ System Contract Modules

System modules are Move contract logic written by developers, focusing on business implementation.

They import libraries generated by Schema and call provided storage and event interfaces to implement specific application functions.

For example, in gaming applications, system modules contain game rules and operational logic 🎮,while Schema stores game state (character attributes, items, etc.) for system modules to read and write.

🚀 Move Execution Environment

All on-chain parts of Dubhe run on the underlying blockchain's Move virtual machine.

For example, on the Sui network, Dubhe-generated contracts are executed as ordinary Move modules by Sui Move VM, enjoying Move language security checks (resource model, type safety, etc.) and underlying chain parallel execution optimizations.

This ensures Dubhe contract logic complies with consensus and execution rules across all chains, maintaining security and consistency.🧾✅

🖥️ Dubhe CLI Tools

Dubhe provides command-line toolchain covering the entire process from project initialization to deployment testing.

Developers can create complete Dubhe project templates (including Move contracts and frontend frameworks) with a single command.

CLI supports Schema code generation (dubhe schemagen), local network startup (start:localnet), and other functions,dramatically reducing project setup time ⏱️ (from days to hours).

Additionally, CLI covers contract publishing, migration, and other operations, facilitating hot updates and data migration for contract logic.🔧📦

📡 Dubhe Indexer

Indexer is Dubhe's real-time indexing solution for on-chain data.

Currently on Sui, Dubhe Indexer synchronizes on-chain data to local SQLite databases, supporting complex Schema relationship indexing and real-time state update notifications.

It adopts event-driven architecture to efficiently process blockchain events, providing high-performance query capabilities and ensuring timely access to on-chain data for applications (data availability).

For real-time applications like games, Indexer enables frontends to quickly obtain on-chain state changes, improving user experience.⚡🔍

📦 Dubhe SDK Client Libraries

Dubhe provides type-safe client SDKs for multiple development languages (currently mainly TypeScript).

The SDK encapsulates interfaces for interacting with on-chain contracts and local indexed data, allowing developers to conveniently call on-chain functions or query on-chain state in frontend applications.

SDK automatically generates type definitions based on Schema, ensuring data structures and types obtained are consistent with on-chain, reducing tedious JSON parsing and assembly work.🧾🧠

Through SDK, DApp frontends can read on-chain data (provided via Indexer) and send transactions to call system contracts, achieving complete frontend-backend interaction loops.🔁

🌐 Multi-chain Support Modules

Dubhe's design has multi-Move ecosystem compatibility capabilities.

Architecturally, through modular encapsulation, specific implementation details for different chains are provided by respective packages.

For example, Dubhe provides separate NPM packages for Sui, Aptos, Rooch, Initia, and other chains (such as @0xobelisk/sui-cli, @0xobelisk/sui-indexer, @0xobelisk/aptos-client, etc.),ensuring consistent development experience across different chain environments.

This vendor-lock-free multi-chain support allows developers to deploy and run their Move applications on any Move-compatible chain, maximizing code and design reuse. 🚀🔄

🧰 Summary

The above components work together to form Dubhe Engine's complete development stack.

Overall, Dubhe provides developers with a one-stop solution from on-chain contract frameworks to off-chain toolchains, making building composable, scalable on-chain applications simpler and more efficient.✅

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🥳 $STARS Claim is Live – Don't Miss Round 2!

The DubheOS Devnet Governance Testing Campaign on Galxe has officially ended — it's time to claim your $STARS rewards! 🎁

🔗 Claim here: https://t.co/dj5juYQqt0

📅 Deadline: July 31, 23:59 UTC

👉 Make sure to use the same Sui wallet address you used for Galxe & Merak cross-chain transfer (from address).

❗️Watch out for scam sites. Never share your private key or seed phrase — keep your $STARS safe!

#DubheEngine #Merak #Sui #DubheOS #Web3 #Move

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🎉 Win $STARS – Lucky Draw #2

To show our gratitude to early supporters, we’re kicking off Dubhe’s second community appreciation campaign. 💙

⏰ Ends: August 3, 12:00 PM UTC

❤️How to enter:https://t.co/CU2uYczzGf
✅Connect your Sui wallet address to Galxe
✅Complete the Galxe tasks

🎁 Rewards:
🏆 100 winners will be randomly selected
🤩Each will receive 100K $STARS

We truly value your support. Whether you’re building, testing, or simply exploring, we see you and deeply appreciate everything you do. 💫

#DubheEngine #Sui #STARS #Web3Infra #Giveaway #Airdrop #luckydraw

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🎉 Win $STARS – Lucky Draw #1

To thank our early supporters, we're launching the very first community appreciation campaign for Dubhe. 🙌

⏰ Ends: July 21, 12:00 PM UTC

❤️How to enter:https://t.co/SksEndSKtq
✅Connect your Sui wallet address to Galxe
✅Complete the Galxe tasks

🎁 Rewards:
🏆 100 winners will be randomly selected
🤩Each will receive 100K $STARS

Your support means the world to us.
Whether you're a builder, a tester, or just curious — we see you, and we appreciate you. 💫

#DubheEngine #Sui #STARS #Web3Infra #Giveaway #Airdrop #luckydraw

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🚀 Inside Dubhe

Dubhe consists of three core components:

🛠️ Dubhe Engine — Real-time ECS contract framework powered by Move VM
⚡ Dubhe Channel — Millisecond session channel with batch state sync to base chain
🛡️ Dubhe OS — Governance and coordination layer built with Polkadot SDK

💡 Dubhe = Unreal/Unity × Firebase for Web3 — TPS, latency, and dev experience match Web2 games and apps.

🏗️ Layered Architecture:

The architecture consists of multiple layers working together:

🎮 Front-end DApps (React/Unity) — User interface layer
🧰 Dubhe SDK (TypeScript/Rust) — Development tools
⚡ Dubhe Channel — High-performance session layer
🛠️ Dubhe Engine — Core Move VM runtime
🏛️ DubheOS — Base consensus and governance layer

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

⚙️Introducing Dubhe

Dubhe is building real-time Web3 infrastructure on the Move Virtual Machine (MVM), with a 3-layer architecture:

Engine – OS – Channel — making Web3 apps (DeFi, on-chain games, social) as seamless as Web2.

🧬 Our Origin

Dubhe began in 2023 as an internal incubation project at Obelisk Labs, originally called Obelisk Engine.

In 2025, it spun out as an independent project focused on MVM and real-time on-chain infra.

🎯 Our Mission

To empower creators and businesses to build and create value freely in the decentralized world through composable, high-performance on-chain infrastructure.

🔭 Our Vision

Dubhe aims to become the default session layer for real-time global Web3 applications, serving millions of developers and hundreds of millions of end-users.

Through modular technology and simplified developer experience, Dubhe seeks to expand the Move ecosystem to multi-chain and multi-rollup environments, covering over 50% of on-chain interaction volume within five years.

💡 Why Dubhe?

✅ Unified Developer Experience— Dubhe Engine allows multi-chain deployment from a single declarative schema via code generation.

⚡Extreme Performance — Dubhe Channel delivers sub-50 ms execution and over 500K TPS through rapid validation and state synchronization.

💸 Sustainable Economy — Charges are based on set() calls, paid in DUBHE; costs scale linearly with business growth.

🚀 Initial User Base —With flagship app Merak, Dubhe powers 200K+ active on-chain addresses and 20M+ set() operations.

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🆚 Dubhe Engine vs. MUD Framework

When it comes to great dev tools, the MUD framework for the EVM ecosystem often comes to mind. Explore the design logic behind MUD and Dubhe Engine to discover their similarities and key differences, especially how Dubhe leverages the unique object-oriented design of the Move language!

Check out our blog post comparing developer experience, performance, security, and real-world use cases.

👉 What makes Dubhe builds smoother?

👉 How does it help your Move dApp scale?

Check it out and see why Dubhe Engine could be your next big upgrade. 🚀👇

https://t.co/I6hzkakiRW

[Dubhe Engine @DubheEngine]

🔧 Dubhe Engine vs. 🪖 Hardhat

Hardhat is an OG devtool in Ethereum ecosystem, offering a flexible task runner that lets you customize every task to fit your workflow. Let's dive into the design of it and compare it with Dubhe Engine!

💡Hardhat shines with its built-in Hardhat Network enables you to fork mainnet, deploy, test, and debug Solidity with console.log and detailed stack traces. With a massive plugin ecosystem, from security scanners to linters and Truffle integrations, Hardhat ensures you have the tools you need at your fingertips.

⚡Meanwhile, Dubhe Engine introduces schema-based storage and custom indexer, giving you real-time on-chain data without extra setup. It also supports hot updates and logic upgrades, so you can iterate on your Move apps instantly without restarting your local network.🔄

🧑‍💻Plus, Dubhe's type-safe SDKs and intuitive CLI get you up and running across Sui and other Move ecosystems in minutes.

Last but not least, Dubhe also introduce plugin marketplace so that developers can integrate the latest Move infra such as zkLogin into their Move App in no time.

Dubhe fuels your next big Move dApp 🚀

#DevTools #Blockchain #Web3 #DubheEngine #Hardhat

[Arnold Pupkov @ArnoldPupkov]

@teneo_protocol cool

[Teneo Protocol @teneo_protocol]

𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤𝐬 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐀𝐈𝐬.
𝐁𝐮𝐭 𝐧𝐨 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐭𝐚𝐥𝐤𝐬 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐡𝐨𝐰 𝐦𝐚𝐜𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬 𝐩𝐚𝐲 𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧.

In Teneo, agents don’t just scan posts. They follow real patterns, make real-time decisions, and coordinate like swarms.

It’s not about collecting more data.
It’s about knowing what matters and when.

[Arnold Pupkov @ArnoldPupkov]

@teneo_protocol Count me in!

[Teneo Protocol @teneo_protocol]

𝗧𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗼 𝗔𝗰𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗺𝘆 = 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝘆 𝗽𝗼𝗶𝗻𝘁.

Learn how the protocol works. Understand the shift to AI agents.

Start contributing with context.

→ Join via Discord (link in bio)
→ Dive deeper: https://t.co/H9VAsCsrAe

[Arnold Pupkov @ArnoldPupkov]

@codebender828 @pumpdotfun nice