Imam al-Mu'afa (185. AH) was asked who is superior, Mu'awiyah bin Abi Sufyan or 'Umar bin 'Abd al-'Aziz.
al-Mu'afa replied:
“Mu’awiyah was superior to 600 [individuals] like 'Umar bin 'Abd al-'Aziz.”
[al-Sunnah of al-Khallal]
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
Did Hasanayn Kareeman not know that ʿAli (رضي الله عنه) was allegedly cursed from the pulpits? Then why did Sayyiduna al-Hasan (رضي الله عنه) give bay'ah to Mu'awiyah (رضي الله عنه)?
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
From all four explicit scanned pages, the following facts become as clear as daylight:
Alongside the word "peace", the expressions "بايَعْنَا" ("we gave Bay'ah") and "البيعة" ("the Bay'ah") are explicitly present.
The Scholarly Post-Mortem of the Claim of Those Who Deny the Bay'ah of Amir Mu'awiyah رضي الله عنه:
It is an established and indisputable fact of Islamic history that in 41 AH, Sayyiduna Hasan رضي الله عنه, for the greater benefit of the Muslim Ummah, its unity
he ascended the pulpit and addressed the people."
The expression اسْتَتَبَّتْ بَيْعَتُهُ ("his Bay'ah became firmly established and effective") is decisive documentary evidence that the legal act of Bay'ah between the two parties had been completed.