If a patient has diplopia, it is the outermost image that is the abnormal image
Cover each eye in turn
If the inner image disappears, you have covered the good eye
If the same image disappears covering each eye or changes on reexamination consider psychogenic
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Wegener = C-ANCA = pR3
Churg & MPA = P-ANCA = MPO
PAN = ANCA -'ve
Wegener's new name GPA (Granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
Churg Strauss new name eGPA (Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
Ulcerative colitis = p-ANCA
Crohn's = ASCA
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Factors 10 9 7 2 are reduced by Warfarin
Factors 10a 9a 2a are inhibited by IV Heparin
The only numerical difference in their site of action is factor 7 which is why Heparin doesn't affect the extrinsic clotting cascade
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Type 1 RTA = Loss of ability to secrete H+ ions in DCT
Type 2 RTA = Loss of ability to resorb HCO3- in PCT
Type 4 RTA = Same as spironolactone
Your blood is acidic and your urine alkaline.
Simple
(Type 3 doesn't exist anymore)
Free sitting of conciseMRCP part 1 revision course Aug 11th 12th.
All course fees will be refunded on attendance.
In celebration of 10th Anniversary
Visit https://t.co/F3r0ObVdOY to book a place
Remember to practice 10 questions at a time before looking at whether you got the answers right.
You need to learn to maintain your confidence going forward, one question at a time, despite not knowing how you are performing.