![ChrisMartzWX's tweet photo. Hi Senator Hickenlooper.
You have opinions. But I have evidence. All science is numbers; let's look at them.
The link between climate change (in an anthropogenic sense) and droughts is actually not so crystal clear.
Globally, there has been no statistically significant change in the amount of land area experiencing meteorological drought since the early 1980s, when reliable monitoring began (p-value = 0.195). Trends in exceptional drought are even less significant (p = 0.263)
🔗https://t.co/9dNRQEItaH
Chapter 11 of IPCC AR6 WG1 affirms this, stating in Section 6.4.5,
💬 “𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒍𝒐𝒘 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠. . . 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒎𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔, 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎. 𝐻𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙-𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒈𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅-𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔.”
🔗https://t.co/eBo6M72r2l
Vicente-Serrano et al. (2022) investigated changes in various drought types, concluding similarly that,
💬 “𝑨 𝒈𝒍𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒔𝒖𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑎 𝑓𝑒𝑤 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑑 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠.”
What's more, the authors found that the observed regional increases in hydrological droughts were largely related to other man-made influences such as land use change, not a from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
💬 “𝑰𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝒉𝒚𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 ��𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑡𝑜 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑎𝑠 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑒.𝑔., 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎, 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑖𝑙).”
🔗https://t.co/v3KzYc1tp4
In the U.S., there has been no increase in either the amount of abnormally dry land area or magnitude of droughts since at least 1895. The worst droughts on record occurred during the 1930s and 1950s.
🔗https://t.co/NEp0TaQ9oh
As for the western U.S., while much of the region has indeed been in drought for the last 25 years, it is not at all unprecedented in geological scope, though it is in terms of its socioeconomic impacts simply because of the tens of millions of people who live there and rely on the water. That said, meteorologically speaking, the region has experienced many droughts eclipsing the current, the most recent of which lasted ~400 years from 900–1300 AD during the Medieval Warm Period (Cook et al., 2004).
🔗https://t.co/cDYishn7Rh
Morgan & Pomerleau (2012) further support the idea of a Medieval Megadrought with a study on Cliff Lake in the Sierra Nevada. They concluded that waters in Cliff Lake were ~5 meters lower than present levels for a period of ~50 years more than 600 years ago. They were able to determine this by radiocarbon dating the wood and noting where the stump is submerged.
🔗https://t.co/YpRV5e2JOu
While drought increasing in certain regions (e.g., the Western U.S.) would potentially be consistent with anthropogenic global warming, it's also consistent with natural global warming or some combination of both. The fact is that GHGs had nothing to do with the Medieval Megadrought, so it becomes quite challenging attributing the ongoing [and less severe drought] to GHG forcing.](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/HN4iB4VXYAAN70P.jpg)
![ChrisMartzWX's tweet photo. Hi Senator Hickenlooper.
You have opinions. But I have evidence. All science is numbers; let's look at them.
The link between climate change (in an anthropogenic sense) and droughts is actually not so crystal clear.
Globally, there has been no statistically significant change in the amount of land area experiencing meteorological drought since the early 1980s, when reliable monitoring began (p-value = 0.195). Trends in exceptional drought are even less significant (p = 0.263)
🔗https://t.co/9dNRQEItaH
Chapter 11 of IPCC AR6 WG1 affirms this, stating in Section 6.4.5,
💬 “𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒍𝒐𝒘 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠. . . 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒎𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔, 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎. 𝐻𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙-𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒈𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅-𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔.”
🔗https://t.co/eBo6M72r2l
Vicente-Serrano et al. (2022) investigated changes in various drought types, concluding similarly that,
💬 “𝑨 𝒈𝒍𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒔𝒖𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑎 𝑓𝑒𝑤 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑑 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠.”
What's more, the authors found that the observed regional increases in hydrological droughts were largely related to other man-made influences such as land use change, not a from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
💬 “𝑰𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝒉𝒚𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 ��𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑡𝑜 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑎𝑠 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑒.𝑔., 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎, 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑖𝑙).”
🔗https://t.co/v3KzYc1tp4
In the U.S., there has been no increase in either the amount of abnormally dry land area or magnitude of droughts since at least 1895. The worst droughts on record occurred during the 1930s and 1950s.
🔗https://t.co/NEp0TaQ9oh
As for the western U.S., while much of the region has indeed been in drought for the last 25 years, it is not at all unprecedented in geological scope, though it is in terms of its socioeconomic impacts simply because of the tens of millions of people who live there and rely on the water. That said, meteorologically speaking, the region has experienced many droughts eclipsing the current, the most recent of which lasted ~400 years from 900–1300 AD during the Medieval Warm Period (Cook et al., 2004).
🔗https://t.co/cDYishn7Rh
Morgan & Pomerleau (2012) further support the idea of a Medieval Megadrought with a study on Cliff Lake in the Sierra Nevada. They concluded that waters in Cliff Lake were ~5 meters lower than present levels for a period of ~50 years more than 600 years ago. They were able to determine this by radiocarbon dating the wood and noting where the stump is submerged.
🔗https://t.co/YpRV5e2JOu
While drought increasing in certain regions (e.g., the Western U.S.) would potentially be consistent with anthropogenic global warming, it's also consistent with natural global warming or some combination of both. The fact is that GHGs had nothing to do with the Medieval Megadrought, so it becomes quite challenging attributing the ongoing [and less severe drought] to GHG forcing.](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/HN4ZbAZWIAAFHNM.jpg)
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BREAKING: The Dow Jones Industrial Average extends losses to -800 points on the day as chip stocks fall, rate hike odds rise, and President Trump vows to strike Iran.
NEW🚨: SpaceX shares insane drone footage from Starship's first-ever intact soft splashdown last week
Himalayas as seen from Space 🌍 🛰
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A quick snapshot of the last 24 hours.
The U.S. Air Force is moving a massive amount of aircraft and military equipment toward the Middle East.
Preparations are underway, if the green light is given.
H/T @Osinttechnical
Hi Senator Hickenlooper.
You have opinions. But I have evidence. All science is numbers; let's look at them.
The link between climate change (in an anthropogenic sense) and droughts is actually not so crystal clear.
Globally, there has been no statistically significant change in the amount of land area experiencing meteorological drought since the early 1980s, when reliable monitoring began (p-value = 0.195). Trends in exceptional drought are even less significant (p = 0.263)
🔗https://t.co/9dNRQEItaH
Chapter 11 of IPCC AR6 WG1 affirms this, stating in Section 6.4.5,
💬 “𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒍𝒐𝒘 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠. . . 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒎𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔, 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎. 𝐻𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙-𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒈𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅-𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔.”
🔗https://t.co/eBo6M72r2l
Vicente-Serrano et al. (2022) investigated changes in various drought types, concluding similarly that,
💬 “𝑨 𝒈𝒍𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒔𝒖𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑎 𝑓𝑒𝑤 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑑 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠.”
What's more, the authors found that the observed regional increases in hydrological droughts were largely related to other man-made influences such as land use change, not a from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
💬 “𝑰𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝒉𝒚𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 ��𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑡𝑜 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑎𝑠 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑒.𝑔., 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎, 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑖𝑙).”
🔗https://t.co/v3KzYc1tp4
In the U.S., there has been no increase in either the amount of abnormally dry land area or magnitude of droughts since at least 1895. The worst droughts on record occurred during the 1930s and 1950s.
🔗https://t.co/NEp0TaQ9oh
As for the western U.S., while much of the region has indeed been in drought for the last 25 years, it is not at all unprecedented in geological scope, though it is in terms of its socioeconomic impacts simply because of the tens of millions of people who live there and rely on the water. That said, meteorologically speaking, the region has experienced many droughts eclipsing the current, the most recent of which lasted ~400 years from 900–1300 AD during the Medieval Warm Period (Cook et al., 2004).
🔗https://t.co/cDYishn7Rh
Morgan & Pomerleau (2012) further support the idea of a Medieval Megadrought with a study on Cliff Lake in the Sierra Nevada. They concluded that waters in Cliff Lake were ~5 meters lower than present levels for a period of ~50 years more than 600 years ago. They were able to determine this by radiocarbon dating the wood and noting where the stump is submerged.
🔗https://t.co/YpRV5e2JOu
While drought increasing in certain regions (e.g., the Western U.S.) would potentially be consistent with anthropogenic global warming, it's also consistent with natural global warming or some combination of both. The fact is that GHGs had nothing to do with the Medieval Megadrought, so it becomes quite challenging attributing the ongoing [and less severe drought] to GHG forcing.
![ChrisMartzWX's tweet photo. Hi Senator Hickenlooper.
You have opinions. But I have evidence. All science is numbers; let's look at them.
The link between climate change (in an anthropogenic sense) and droughts is actually not so crystal clear.
Globally, there has been no statistically significant change in the amount of land area experiencing meteorological drought since the early 1980s, when reliable monitoring began (p-value = 0.195). Trends in exceptional drought are even less significant (p = 0.263)
🔗https://t.co/9dNRQEItaH
Chapter 11 of IPCC AR6 WG1 affirms this, stating in Section 6.4.5,
💬 “𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒍𝒐𝒘 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠. . . 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝒎𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒎 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒇𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒆𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔, 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎. 𝐻𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛-𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙-𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒈𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅-𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒔𝒐 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔.”
🔗https://t.co/eBo6M72r2l
Vicente-Serrano et al. (2022) investigated changes in various drought types, concluding similarly that,
💬 “𝑨 𝒈𝒍𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒔𝒖𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑠 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑎 𝑓𝑒𝑤 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑑 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑠.”
What's more, the authors found that the observed regional increases in hydrological droughts were largely related to other man-made influences such as land use change, not a from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
💬 “𝑰𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝒉𝒚𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 ��𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑡𝑜 ℎ𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑎𝑠 𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒂𝒈𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑒.𝑔., 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎, 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑖𝑙).”
🔗https://t.co/v3KzYc1tp4
In the U.S., there has been no increase in either the amount of abnormally dry land area or magnitude of droughts since at least 1895. The worst droughts on record occurred during the 1930s and 1950s.
🔗https://t.co/NEp0TaQ9oh
As for the western U.S., while much of the region has indeed been in drought for the last 25 years, it is not at all unprecedented in geological scope, though it is in terms of its socioeconomic impacts simply because of the tens of millions of people who live there and rely on the water. That said, meteorologically speaking, the region has experienced many droughts eclipsing the current, the most recent of which lasted ~400 years from 900–1300 AD during the Medieval Warm Period (Cook et al., 2004).
🔗https://t.co/cDYishn7Rh
Morgan & Pomerleau (2012) further support the idea of a Medieval Megadrought with a study on Cliff Lake in the Sierra Nevada. They concluded that waters in Cliff Lake were ~5 meters lower than present levels for a period of ~50 years more than 600 years ago. They were able to determine this by radiocarbon dating the wood and noting where the stump is submerged.
🔗https://t.co/YpRV5e2JOu
While drought increasing in certain regions (e.g., the Western U.S.) would potentially be consistent with anthropogenic global warming, it's also consistent with natural global warming or some combination of both. The fact is that GHGs had nothing to do with the Medieval Megadrought, so it becomes quite challenging attributing the ongoing [and less severe drought] to GHG forcing.](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/HN4iEOGWsAAXrcv.jpg)
Konnech isn't just another tech firm. It's a CCP-linked operation building the tools that help rig elections in the U.S. and Australia.
Konnech is a Michigan-based election logistics software company founded by Chinese-born Eugene Yu, and is effectively a Communist China software company with deep CCP ties.
Konnech's Chinese subsidiary, Jinhua Yulian Network Technology / Yulian Network, developed the election management software used in the U.S.
The same Chinese subsidiary simultaneously developed election software for the Chinese Communist Party itself.
Sensitive personal data on American poll workers was sent to, stored on, or accessible by developers and contractors in China, in violation of contracts requiring US-only handling.
This creates a direct backdoor and security risk allowing Chinese Communist influence or manipulation over U.S. election processes, poll-worker management, logistics, scheduling, building schematics, election workers all throughout the U.S.
The company's Australian operations, Konnech Australia, extend the same compromised software and influence into Australian elections.
The real-world fallout referenced in the broader reporting around this period came in the 2022 arrest of Konnech CEO Eugene Yu by Los Angeles County prosecutors over alleged improper transfer of poll-worker data to China, the charges were later dropped.
There is no coincidence that while Biden was in office that the charges were dropped, especially when we know now from the recent declassified documents that China was interfering in our elections and helping Biden in the 2020 election.
I want to apologize.
When I originally posted this video of hundreds of people standing for a moment of silence for a fallen soldier in Raleigh NC airport, I thought it was a fallen soldier from Iran coming home.
I got that wrong.
This man was U.S. Air Force Maj. Alexander “SMO” Davis.
He was 34 years old and a Weapons System Officer onboard the B-52H Stratofortress that crashed shortly after takeoff last month at Edwards Air Force Base in California.
He was returned to his hometown of Goldsboro, North Carolina, where he will be laid to rest.
I’m proud of how my fellow North Carolinians honored him at the airport, thank you.
In a country so divided, it brought me to tears to see everyone united in honoring a fallen service member.
Congress will be voting for the NDAA tomorrow which tie the U.S. military to Israel’s military.
Everyone that votes for it supports bombing children likes these poor little ones. And will guarantee our military intelligence helping them.
🚨 JUST IN: Trump-endorsed Sen. Darline Graham (R-SC) just made the SAVE America Act the VERY FIRST legislation she co-sponsored in the U.S. Senate, after taking her late brother’s seat
Great news! 👏🏻
GRAHAM: “The American people are demanding immediate action from Congress on election integrity. That’s why the SAVE America Act is the first bill I am cosponsoring in the Senate.”
“These reforms are common sense and need to be enacted quickly. I look forward to working closely with President Trump to get the SAVE America Act signed into law.”
AIPAC and other billionaire-funded super PACs have already spent nearly $50 million to defeat Dr. Abdul El-Sayed in the Michigan U.S. Senate primary.
We cannot allow oligarchs to buy our elections. One person, one vote.
HAPPY MUSIC, FASHION, FILM WEEK
Gisele for Colcci at Sao Paolo Fashion Week
🚨 BREAKING: SOMETHING JUST BROKE IN CHINA
🇨🇳 OVER ¥2,500,000,000,000 HAS BEEN WIPED OUT OF THE CHINESE STOCK MARKET IN 15 MINUTES!
CHINA IS NOW AGGRESSIVELY DUMPING ALL U.S. TREASURIES IN A DESPERATE ATTEMPT TO STOP THE MARKET COLLAPSE.
THIS IS VERY BAD NEWS FOR MARKETS...
🚨 BREAKING: SOMETHING JUST BROKE IN CHINA
🇨🇳 OVER ¥2,500,000,000,000 HAS BEEN WIPED OUT OF THE CHINESE STOCK MARKET IN 15 MINUTES!
CHINA IS NOW AGGRESSIVELY DUMPING ALL U.S. TREASURIES IN A DESPERATE ATTEMPT TO STOP THE MARKET COLLAPSE.
THIS IS VERY BAD NEWS FOR MARKETS...
CANDLELIGHT VIGIL HELD FOR LINDSEY GRAHAM
A candlelight vigil was held outside the U.S. Embassy in London to honor the late Sen. Lindsey Graham following news of his death. Mourners gathered to pay their respects as tributes continue from around the world.
🇮🇷🇺🇸 Iran tells Trump to pull U.S. forces out or they’ll attack.
U.S. official confirmed, saying they expect a bigger wave of strikes on Iran today than the previous days.
Source: NYT, Fox News / Writer: Claudio
Heartbreaking 💔 U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham has died.
"One of the greatest friends of the Jewish people and the State of Israel, a remarkable man, a proud American, and one of the brightest minds of our time.
Terrible news... Prayers for his family. 🙏
🚨 BOOM! Chris Wallace just got the boot from CNN — the fake news legend is OUT!
Remember when President Trump absolutely demolished him live on Fox News Sunday?
"Ready?" Trump says... then drops the hammer with the REAL data while Wallace squirms. Kayleigh McEnany brings the charts and exposes the media lies on U.S. COVID numbers. Classic Trump owning the narrative! 🔥
This is why the mainstream media is dying. Trump was right again.
What's your response to this......??👀
Do you firmly support Trump on this?
FOLLOW ME, THE NEXT DROP WILL BE SHOCKING.
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