A patient develops ecchymosis around the umbilicus two days after severe acute abdominal pain. Which condition is this sign most associated with?
A. Ruptured spleen
B. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis
C. Liver laceration
D. Renal artery thrombosis
I am about to use the momentum of this event to write an email to my SDMO & EO to request for life jackets and our damn boat engine. Saw all of them commenting on the posts about what happened but do their even care about the safety of their own subdivision's island health center
Working in this Island is consistently putting my kindness to a test. Tell me why a man knocked on my door AT 8PM to ask for a injection for a boil that he said and I quote "boil not here now but it will come soon"
Every time I go for an outreach, I end the day with a migraine. Everyone is a defaulter with a CBG of 25, asking me why their sugar is so high. Aunty pleaseeeee
Midwifery is disrespected so much for a profession that offers you so much independence compared to other clinical aspect of nursing and it's so sad to see the disrespect coming from nurses.
🗣️ Aphasia – Broca vs. Wernicke
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1️⃣ Definition
Aphasia is an acquired impairment of language (speaking, understanding, reading, or writing) due to dominant hemisphere lesions, typically from stroke (especially MCA territory), tumors, or infections.
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2️⃣ Broca Aphasia (Expressive / Non-Fluent)
➊ Cause: Lesion in the posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s area), often due to left superior MCA stroke
➋ Speech: Slow, labored, grammatically poor (“telegraphic speech”)
➌ Comprehension: ✅ Relatively preserved
➍ Repetition: ❌ Impaired
➎ Awareness: ✅ High; patients often visibly frustrated
➏ Associated signs: Contralateral face/arm weakness, apraxia, no visual field defect
➐ Treatment: Early speech-language therapy shows better outcomes
➑ Mnemonic: “BRoCa is BROken” → Broken speech
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3️⃣ Wernicke Aphasia (Receptive / Fluent)
➊ Cause: Lesion in the posterior superior temporal gyrus (Wernicke’s area), usually from left inferior/posterior MCA stroke
➋ Speech: Fluent but meaningless; neologisms, paraphasias, “word salad”
➌ Comprehension: ❌ Severely impaired
➍ Repetition: ❌ Impaired
➎ Awareness: ❌ Lacks insight into deficits
➏ Associated signs: May have right superior quadrantanopia (“pie in the sky” visual loss)
➐ Treatment: Treat underlying cause + speech therapy
➑ Mnemonic: “Wernicke is Wordy” → Fluent but meaningless
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🧠 Key Tip:
If they can’t speak but understand → Broca
If they speak fluently but don’t make sense or understand → Wernicke
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