GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸

Vintage 1984. Fan of common sense and reality. *~ "So it’s true, when all is said and done, grief is the price we pay for love.” *~

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@ThatEricAlper https://t.co/LxzndvNCsf

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@LevenePaul49134 @Martina As a man you are not in danger from other men in the way that women are in danger from men. But you already know that.

[Massimo @Rainmaker1973]

The moment a female swan reunited with her partner after being away for treatment

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@poz_woods It really does make it seem like "woman" or "women" is a dirty word that shouldn't be said; like it's offensive and should be avoided at all costs. Its moronic and rude to treat the term that describes us in such a way.

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@drdankeown 64 minutes, and apparently was just minutes from a major trauma center... where a thoracic surgeon could have had 64 extra minutes to save his life.

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@babybeginner We have an orange neighborhood cat named "Buddy" who roams; he visits all the time. Very friendly. He will randomly appear and rub against my legs while I'm working in the yard. Earlier my kids said he walked by with a rabbit hanging out of his mouth 😩. Always fun and surprises!

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@Nalanthian It also amazing that people don't think the medical examiner and judge in this case might try to align their "findings" with protecting the police officers who terribly mishandled this boy and accelerated his death. Nope, that never happens, nothing to see here... 😑

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@fem_mb @SenatorCollins @Repksmith @DAGToddBlanche Its amazing how the "believe all women" mentality of these same politicians and administrative types just vanishes without a trace when the woman's experience becomes politically inconvenient to them (but, of course, this is no surprise to women - it's an ancient tradition).

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@politeracy @chadfelixg @gin_clair This is great advice ^ !!!

This man has robbed you of your sanity for decades. Its outrageous and he should be stopped. He deserves legal penalties and you deserve sanity (and closure). ❤️

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@reddit_lies What’s more disturbing is that he has the cognitive ability to understand the gravity of his horrific decision, as he clearly articulates in his post… and yet still chooses to go with his fetish instead of his wife, children, home… all their memories and life together, anyway.

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@sartay2001 @hightreebud @LoveWestLothian Menstruation, especially at the beginning of puberty when it's so irregular and unfamiliar, is a huge part of why we have single sex toilets in the first place. Its amazing how they didn't even think of this.

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@KirstenFleetwo1 @marycatedelvey I was wondering that, too. 😬

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@xmaseveevil1 @zaelefty

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@xmaseveevil1 @zaelefty

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

If anyone with an inquisitive mind is curious, I asked Grok why platypuses have so many sex chromosomes:

"Platypuses (and echidnas, the other monotremes) have the most complex sex chromosome system known in mammals: males have five X and five Y chromosomes (X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5), while females have two copies of each of the five Xs (10 Xs total). https://t.co/CiFzw5owyH
This is far more than the typical mammalian XY pair (or even variants in some other animals). These 10 chromosomes form a distinctive chain during male meiosis, which ensures orderly segregation into sperm that are either all-X (XXXXX, producing females) or all-Y (YYYYY, producing males). https://t.co/QbvEquJOVa
Why So Many? Evolutionary History and Translocations
Monotremes diverged very early from other mammals (therians: marsupials + placentals), around 166–187 million years ago. Their sex chromosome system evolved independently and reflects this deep divergence:
• It likely started with an ancestral pair of sex chromosomes.
• Successive translocations (fusions or exchanges) incorporated pieces of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) into the system over time. This expanded the chain, with different rearrangements occurring after platypus and echidna lineages split (~25–50 million years ago). https://t.co/iyqcEhqGaf
• Genomic evidence suggests the 10 chromosomes may have once formed a ring structure. Acquisition of a male-determining gene and suppression of recombination between certain regions “broke” the ring into the current linear chain. https://t.co/OzYNIVhzFQ
This stepwise addition of autosomal material is a common way complex sex chromosome systems evolve in some insects, fish, and plants, but it’s extreme in platypuses.
Mix of Bird-like and Mammal-like Features
Platypus sex chromosomes are not homologous to the standard mammalian XY system (which uses the SRY gene on the Y for male determination, absent in platypuses). Instead: https://t.co/1WE21JlXZR
• One end of the chain shares homology with therian (mammalian) X chromosomes.
• The other end (especially X5) shares homology with the bird Z chromosome, including genes like DMRT1 (a key sex-determining gene in birds). https://t.co/QbvEquJOVa
This “hybrid” nature hints that bird (ZW) and mammal (XY) systems may share deeper ancestral roots than previously thought, with monotremes as a living link to reptilian ancestors. Platypuses actually use a modified anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH/AMHY) gene on one of the Y chromosomes as the primary male-determining factor. https://t.co/GLXEHtdMtE
Functional Reasons and Trade-offs
Having multiple sex chromosomes isn’t inherently “better”—it’s a historical outcome that works for platypuses due to highly efficient meiotic machinery that prevents errors. The chain configuration with specific pairing regions (pseudoautosomal regions) ensures reliable inheritance. https://t.co/nrFUjbDqP1
However, it creates challenges like dosage compensation (males have only one copy of many X-linked genes), which platypuses handle incompletely, similar to birds. https://t.co/bgCCEdi62M
In short, platypuses ended up with 10 sex chromosomes through ancient chromosomal rearrangements building on a basal amniote system, preserved due to their early split from other mammals and effective segregation mechanisms. This oddity underscores their evolutionary uniqueness as egg-laying mammals with a mosaic of reptilian, avian, and mammalian traits.​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​"

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@DexterDaily 6 7 😄

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@salltweets @DoNoHarm79 Their heads aren't tilted? 🧐

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@oocdexter

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@CS11__ The way he put her in there was genius though! 😄

[GalaxyDuster 🇺🇸 @GalaxyDuster]

@zaelefty It’s incredible that humans who don’t understand the most basic biological principles like tissue organization - a concept taught in 4th or 5th grade - walk among us everywhere. 😬