๐ช๐ ๐ ๐จ๐ฆ๐ง ๐ฆ๐ง๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๐ฃ ๐ข๐จ๐ฅ ๐ข๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐ง๐ฆ ๐๐ ๐ช๐ ๐ช๐๐ก๐ง ๐ง๐๐ ๐ญ๐๐ ๐ง๐ข ๐ฆ๐จ๐๐๐๐๐.
Zimbabwe is currently exporting more than it ever has in history and generating more foreign currency than ever before, at $11 billion in 2023. We even had a huge trade surplus of $125 million in 2023, but irrespective, our currency is still falling. Why?
Itโs because Zimbabweans love foreign currency and foreign goods, as a result most of the foreign currency generated from exports does not come back to our taxman, the Reserve Bank, our commercial banks as savings or reinvestment in the economy, to facilitate a seamless foreign exchange system.
Then the little forex that trickles back to the country is immediately used to import fuel, cars, medicines, electronics, inputs, luxuries and machinery, which are then sold in U.S. dollars on the local market.
Even the government and its municipalities demand US dollars for the provision of public services because they canโt stop importing expensive foreign vehicles, while civil servants demand to be paid in US dollars so that they can buy the basics that are sold in foreign currency in our shops.
Consequently, no Zimbabwean wants to hold Zim dollars, whether backed by gold or not, because businesses, investors, and even the common man desire only foreign currency, which causes the local currency to lose value and making it less attractive as a store of value.
This, creates a perpetual cycle that sucks US dollars out of the economy, increasing demand for US dollars and inversely reducing the demand and value of Zim dollars.
So why donโt Zimbabweans get tired of hoarding these US dollars to break this cycle of a depreciating local currency?
The biggest problem is foreign companies like Pick n Pay, PPC, etc., and foreign investors like BlackRock, Sanlam, Allan Grey and others who are slowly dominating our economy, are allowed to repatriate a hundred percent of their profits out of Zimbabwe. So they either transact in dollars or they take their local currency to the black market and hoard dollars or gold in order to repatriate their profits.
In fact, it is these U.S. dollars that attract particularly South African companies to come to Zimbabwe to hedge their rand depreciation losses or to diversify their earning from South Africa.
Then we also have Zimbabwean companies and individuals who also want to save in US dollars or gold and externalize them, because like Cecil John Rhodes, they see Zimbabwe as a cash-cow colony to make US dollars (or gold), externalize them and spend them in nations they desire to live.
This is why you see that most of our top ten biggest companies on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange have multi-billion dollar businesses outside Zimbabwe, but the question is how did they get billions of US dollars out of Zimbabwe with the strict foreign exchange controls that have prevailed in our country?
Itโs because they laundered the money out of the country as US dollars or gold bought off the black market and laundered them out through transfer pricing, under-invoicing and smuggling money bags out of the country to other locales.
This is why, according to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Research, Zimbabweans are the fourth biggest externalizers in the world, with over 63% of Zimbabwean GDP in savings, sitting in tax havens. This is not counting the billions externalized to non-tax havens like South Africa, Canada, Australia, EU and the UK.
Even more interesting is according to CEPII, from where we got the export data for the graph below, Zimbabweโs exports over the past 20 years have been under-declared by a factor of between 15% and 25%. According to the RBZ, Zimbabwean exports in 2022 were $7.2 billion but according CEPIIโs tally of Zimbabwean imports from receiving nations, it was $8.4 billion and Zimbabweโs biggest trading partner was not South Africa but Dubai which bought $4.48 billion of Zimbabwean gold.
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Shwento P$imba is a singer, producer and a professional rapper.
Born in Masvingo city in Zimbabwe
Well blended citizen of Uganda and a complete dedicated artist
Coming together in the isolation times"the Covid19 lockdowns",Banjo's backyard and sometimes Xami's living room became our Studios where we moulded our ideas into reality. An African music collective leveraging web3 technologies to build music, art culture across the continent
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