Pontocerebellar hypoplasia is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by hypoplasia of the pons and cerebellum.
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Seldinger technique for catheterizing blood vessels
1• Insert a needle
2• Pass a guidewire
3• Withdraw the needle
4• Insert a catheter over the wire
5• Withdraw the guidewire
Age : 90
Female
Patient was being investigated for dysphagia and reported regurgitating old tablets and food.
Outpouching of the posterior aspect of the middle third of the oesophagus fills with barium and air. Spontaneous empyting is observed.
Age : 70 years
Distal esophageal malignancy with dysphagia for palliative treatment.
Distal oesophageal covered stent traversing the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ).
It is a dense consolidation of pretracheal fascia, The thyroid gland and all thyroid swelling move with swallowing/deglutition because it is attached to the cricoid cartilage by the suspensory ligament of Berry.
It also prevents the thyroid gland from sinking into the mediastinum
The ligament of Berry is the primary point of fixation of the thyroid gland to surrounding structures. The ligament of Berry is closely attached to the cricoid cartilage and has important surgical implications because of its relationship to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN).
Damage underlying an acute subdural hematoma is typically much more severe than that associated with epidural hematomas due to the presence of concomitant parenchymal injury.
In assessing the GCS score, when there is right/left or upper/lower asymmetry, be sure to use the best motor response to calculate the score, because it is the most reliable predictor of outcome.
Jaw thrust maneuver to open the airway.
This is a real cadaver where there is no muscle tone, you can not perform this maneuver on a conscious individual
UREMIC FROST
When the BUN level is >250 mg/dL, the concentration of urea in sweat is increased. Evaporation results in the deposition of urea crystals on the skin. It is commonly found in the beard or other parts of the face, neck, and trunk as fine white-to-yellow crystals