I'm sure most of you don't understand the iPhone and Safari part.
Here's a quick explanation...
When your iPhone connects to public Wi-Fi, iOS tries to detect if the network has a captive portal (hotel, airport, cafรฉ login page).
It does this by sending a request to Apple's servers expecting a normal response.
If the detection fails, your phone gets stuck:
Connected to Wi-Fi, but no internet and no login popup.
This is why typing "1.1.1.1" in Safari works.
The moment Safari sends a normal HTTP request, the router intercepts it and responds with a redirect to the login page instead.
HTTP traffic isn't encrypted, so the router can freely modify the response and force the captive portal to appear.
HTTPS doesn't work the same way because encryption prevents the router from modifying the request without triggering certificate errors.
So "1.1.1.1" isn't "bypassing" anything.
It's just giving the network something easy to intercept so it can finally show you the login page.
Aku kenal seorang tokey kereta sambung bayar.
Aku tanya dia "macam mana korang buat duit sebenarnya dengan kereta sambung bayar ni?"
Dia diam.
Mungkin rahsia besar.
Tapi dia buka mulut juga
"Nak cerita panjang nanti. Tapi aku bagitau secara ringkas je la"
Aku angguk