Averroès, le célèbre philosophe musulman de Cordoue érigé en symbole absolu de la tolérance andalouse, était en réalité le juge suprême d'un régime théocratique fanatique et le gardien d'une loi religieuse qui punissait de mort l'apostasie et imposait la guerre sainte offensive.
Dans l'histoire des idées, Ibn Rushd, dit Averroès, incarne l'âge d'or d'Al-Andalus au douzième siècle.
Les manuels scolaires et les essais contemporains le présentent volontiers comme le grand ancêtre de la laïcité, un libre-penseur persécuté qui aurait défendu les Lumières et le vivre-ensemble face à l'obscurantisme religieux.
La réalité historique et ses propres écrits juridiques racontent tout autre chose.
Loin d'être un intellectuel dissident ou marginal, Averroès appartenait à la haute élite du pouvoir. Il a exercé pendant des décennies la fonction de grand cadi, c'est-à-dire juge suprême de Séville puis de Cordoue, tout en étant le médecin personnel des souverains.
Il servait alors fidèlement la dynastie des Almohades, le régime le plus puritain et le plus intolérant qu'ait connu l'Espagne musulmane.
Dès leur prise de pouvoir au milieu du douzième siècle, les califes almohades, protecteurs et employeurs directs d'Averroès, abolissent le statut traditionnel de protection accordé aux juifs et aux chrétiens.
De nombreux lieux de culte sont détruits ou fermés, et les minorités religieuses d'Andalousie sont soumises aux conversions forcées à l'islam, à l'exil ou à la mort. C'est d'ailleurs cette persécution qui oblige la famille du grand philosophe juif Maïmonide à fuir Cordoue.
Pendant que cette politique s'applique dans l'empire, Averroès rédige vers 1168 son grand traité encyclopédique de droit islamique, intitulé Bidayat al-Mujtahid, destiné à former les magistrats.
Ces textes, intégralement conservés et traduits par les spécialistes du droit malékite, dévoilent la rigueur implacable de la norme juridique qu'enseignait et représentait le grand juge de Cordoue.
Dans le chapitre consacré au jihad, Averroès expose le consensus des juristes selon lequel la guerre contre les non-musulmans est une obligation collective visant à soumettre par l'épée ceux qui refusent de se convertir ou de payer le tribut.
Il y détaille froidement les règles juridiques encadrant la réduction en esclavage des femmes et des enfants des peuples vaincus, ainsi que les conditions dans lesquelles le commandant musulman peut faire exécuter les prisonniers de guerre mâles.
Sur la liberté de conscience, le droit exposé par le juge suprême est tout aussi implacable.
Dans la section traitant de l'apostasie, Averroès rapporte sans la moindre réserve le consensus juridique strict de son époque : tout homme sain d'esprit qui quitte l'islam pour une autre religion ou pour l'incroyance doit obligatoirement être mis à mort s'il refuse de se repentir.
Même dans son célèbre Discours décisif, souvent cité comme un plaidoyer pour la liberté de philosopher, Averroès défend une censure stricte : il interdit formellement de divulguer les interprétations philosophiques au peuple et qualifie d'incroyance grave toute remise en cause publique des dogmes fondamentaux de la religion.
Si le philosophe a bien subi une brève disgrâce et un exil à Lucena en 1195, que de nombreux historiens expliquent par la volonté du calife Al-Mansur de donner des gages aux religieux conservateurs en pleine guerre contre les royaumes chrétiens, Averroès a été rapidement réhabilité et rappelé avec tous les honneurs à la cour de Marrakech.
L'homme que l'imaginaire moderne célèbre comme un apôtre de la tolérance universelle et du libre arbitre a été toute sa vie le haut magistrat d'un empire qui persécutait les minorités et le dépositaire d'une loi qui punissait de mort la liberté de conscience.
In the 1.300 years of Muslim-Arab slave trade, approximately a million Greeks were sold as slaves. When Caliph Sulayman was in Medina on his way back from pilgrimage, he gifted 400 Greek slaves to his local favorites, "who could think of nothing better to do with them than slaughter them", boasted Jarir ibn Atiyah, a poet who took part in this. According to Ibn Battuta, Greek girls who were pretty were forced into prostitution after being enslaved to Turks who took all their earnings.
We first witnessed the Muslim-slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661 AD) LONG BEFORE AFRICAN SLAVES. Non-Muslim peoples were killed or enslaved. This was viewed as legitimate by Islamic law, in which kafir (non-Muslims) of Dar al-harb (non-Muslim lands) were viewed as legitimate targets of enslavement.
Thousands of people were also enslaved during the Rashidun attack of Cyprus. The Syriac Chronicle of 1234, drawing upon a mid-8th-century source, described how men, women, and children were separated on Cyprus by the invaders and shipped to Syria and Egypt as slaves; two Greek inscriptions claimed that the number of the people abducted from Cyprus were 200,000 Christians.
Thousands of Christians, women and children, were enslaved during the Islamic conquests in territory of Byzantine Syria Palestina. After the fall of Caesarea in 640, 4.000 "heads" (captives) were sent to Caliph Umar in Medina.
Women captives were known to be subjected to sexual abuse. Male Muslims were given the right to have sex with female captives (slaves), which was phrased: "those men who guard their genitals, except with their wives and those whom their right hands possess, for then there is no blame" (Quran 23:6), which granted men the right to have sex not only with their wives but also with female captive slaves.
There is a description of Caliph ʿUmar (r. 634–644) himself as a client of a slave dealer: "Nafe’e narrated that whenever Ibn Umar wanted to buy a slave-girl, he would inspect her by analysing her legs and placing his hands between her breasts and on her buttocks".
Male slaves sent to the Arabian Peninsula were put to slave labor as agricultural slaves, digging underground irrigation canals and other hard labor, and so many thousands of young men were sent as slaves to Arabia during the Islamic conquests that many Christian and Jewish communities were almost drained of young males.
Muslim slavery was historically the worst, yet no one talks about it.
> slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661)
> slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750)
> slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258)
> slavery in the Mamluk Sultanate (1258–1517)
> slavery in the Ottoman Empire (1517–1922)
They blame for everything the Europeans and the "white men" while the biggest crimes against humanity were committed by the muslims and the Arabs.
Communist leftists, are busy destroying the West in favor of Islam.
If you want to support me in the effort I’m making, please consider becoming a subscriber to my X account for only $2. I write about the ancient, medieval, and modern history of Greece and what Christians went through because of Islam. Always with primary sources and historical facts. Thanks for reading me and for all the support.
- Homer Pavlos
@Geronimuslll L’Ignorance crasse de ces gens est sans commune mesure ils ne savent certainement pas lire ou n ont jamais ouvert le coran …d ailleurs ils iront en enfer pour ca …avec une chaine dans le cul et ils bruleront pdt que ceux qui ont lu le coran rigoleront en les regardant rôtir
In Constantinople, the French academic doctor Pitton de Tournefort (18th century), witnessed the impalement of the Christian Greeks from the Muslims: "They lay the victim face down, after tying his hands behind his back, place a donkey saddle on his back, and two of the executioner's assistants sit on it to completely immobilize him. Another one holds his head pressed to the ground with both hands. A fourth assistant tears open the back of the victim's trousers with scissors. Then the executioner drives the stake, a wooden spit, as deep as possible. Next, he takes a wooden hammer and strikes the stake until the sharp end emerges at the chest. They then lift the stake upright and plant it in the ground. And as the poor wretch suffers, the Turks mock him, ridicule him, and call on him to convert to Islam and embrace the Muslim faith."
Pouqueville also recounts the tragic end of the Greek Thymios Vlachavas from Thessaly, following the uprising of 1808. He saw him in Ioannina, bound to a pole in Ali Pasha's courtyard: "calmer than the tyrant who was enjoying his torment, he looked at me with a serene gaze, as if wanting to make me a witness to the triumph of his supreme hour. He endured the executioner's blows without groaning or complaining. And the limbs dragged through the streets of Ioannina showed the terrified Greeks the remains of the last captain of Thessaly."
Kandyloros reports that the Muslim Kehaya-Bey "disembarked in Kalamata in 1805 carrying twenty thousand stakes for the impalement of the Greeks. He advanced inland, captured and impaled about six hundred of them."
Another form of torture was "the hooks." They consist of a scaffold erected at the entrance of cities. The executioner hoists the condemned man high on a pole using a pulley. Below the pole are fixed hooks. Then he suddenly releases the rope, and the condemned man falls with all his weight onto the hooks, impaling himself sometimes in the chest, sometimes in the armpits, or elsewhere on the body. And they leave him there to die. Often death comes after three days.
All these were inflicted on the Greeks who refused to embrace Islam and Muhammadanism.
Philosophers are the only ones who can once again save humanity and your soul. My purpose is to awaken you spiritually, so that you may break the chains that keep you imprisoned and terrorized by the fears and guilt manufactured by those who hate you and control the universities. Never forget that.
If you want to support me in the effort I’m making, please consider becoming a subscriber to my X account for only $2. I write about the ancient, medieval, and modern history of Greece and what Christians went through because of Islam. Always with primary sources and historical facts. Thanks for reading me and for all the support.
- Homer Pavlos
@JulieBorowski Yeah this why every American is moving to Muslims country to live a better life!
With all of those free medical , free food , free bus , and free education … because they know how to do so much better than Americans :/ :/
@FaroleMax@XaqsoorOttawa@Ilhan Many of your young people won’t ever follow Islam as you learned it . Now they have lived here are born here . And went back to Somalia in vacation .. and can’t stand it … many of them will turn their back on you old fool 🤪🤪🤪