Justin Marley

UK Psychiatrist. Tweets on Psychiatry, Science, Tech, Covid19 etc . Views are my own.

[Midjourney @midjourney]

A technical dive inside our new "Midjourney Scanner"

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Happy Easter

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Merry Christmas!

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Taken together with Smith’s description of Freud having both dualism and monism perspectives, this covers all of the three main philosophical approaches of Figure 1 from this paper. https://t.co/MQ6x7SzmKY

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The authors have generated a useful diagram which illustrates their interpretation of the philosophical underpinnings of various models of consciousness.

The paper is distributed under a creative commons license https://t.co/W6muDFVaBb

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The unconscious and the transcendental: Husserlian phenomenology in intersubjective systems theory https://t.co/r0GD4J3ep2

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Returning to the paper, the authors comments that intersubjective systems theory adheres to the principles of phenomenology and that is a key difference from the psychoanalytic tradition.

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They summarise with a view that consciousness is continuous rather than discrete.

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Neurophysiological mechanisms of implicit and explicit memory in the process of consciousness https://t.co/At89nRPB6D

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They refer to the focus, fringe, field concepts of experience developed by Dewy.

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Richir argues that the split happens in imagination.

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https://t.co/nwuGseFAgw Pathologies of imagination and affectivity: the genesis of the unconscious in Marc Richir

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Secondly an important concept is the Spaltung or split. This is where Richir identified the conscious as splitting from the unconscious and relates to his interpretation of Husserl’s work.

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From a cognitive perspective the author notes the transition from the comparator model to the multifactorial weighted model.

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Theories of consciousness and psychiatric disorders - A comparative analysis https://t.co/S8MmoKFEMX

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The author also examines how the sense of agency is accounted for in the PPT model at a cognitive, neural and phenomenological level.

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There is also a third book which takes a broader perspective - ‘Surfing Uncertainty’ by Andy Clark.

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One of the key models of consciousness is Karl Friston's free energy model. This is slightly tricky to unpack as it involves statistical mechanics, information theory, bayesian inference, thermodynamics and variational calculus.

https://t.co/VURwEvWv6q

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The second is ‘Active Inference. The free energy principle in mind, brain and behaviour’ by Thomas Parr, Giovanni Pezzulo and Karl Friston.

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The third is the Local Global Paradigm (LGP)

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Consciousness as a multidimensional phenomenon: implications for the assessment of disorders of consciousness
https://t.co/dZf0guvxTI

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The second is the Perturbational Complexity Index (PCI)

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There are a few other points that I would regard as standing out. The authors suggest that time consciousness is field-like rather than discrete/point-like. They explain this as it being many points at different times.

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Embodying Consciousness through Interoception and a Balanced Time Perspective https://t.co/uaq3S8zyJ6

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In this summary, the authors identify a number of the salient features including that time consciousness is distinct from the timing of cognitive functions and that time consciousness extends over seconds rather than milliseconds.

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One example of visuospatial experiences that are not easily verbalised is demonstrated by the work of Simon and Chase (1973) in chess expertise that built on the earlier work of Van der Groot.

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A review of the literature on consciousness and the conceptual framework.

https://t.co/CFgAvnh9Nj

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Reflecting on the communication aspect of the definition, there are a number of situations where conscious experience might not be communicated. Some examples might include disorders of language and speech as well as the verbal communication of visuospatial experiences.

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The application of the radiofrequency pulse is relevant to a phenomenon referred to as proton spin which is explained by quantum mechanics. This is a key concept in understanding MRI physics and there is a good primer here: https://t.co/qdyRxIfNLe

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The authors in this paper investigate the availability of D2 receptors in the thalamus in Schizophrenia using high-resolution PET and support this with a meta-analysis.

https://t.co/WZXMGDvedT

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The main magnetic field B0 is orientated longitudinally along the Z-axis. A radiofrequency pulse is applied in the direction of the perpendicular XY plane and generates a magnetic field B1.

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Additionally Jaspers based the foundations of his approach to psychopathology on phenomenology although there were changes in his position on various theoretical issues over time.
https://t.co/EeIB6uxVF1

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Explanatory profiles of models of consciousness - towards a systematic classification
https://t.co/4L5lhw9Tdz

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This was a surprise given the wider significance of dualism and is a useful point for further reflection.