There is no verse that uses the title pope, supreme bishop, or describes Peter as having authority over all other apostles or future church leaders.
That said, here’s where the idea comes from and why it’s debated.
⸻
The main passage Catholics point to
Matthew 16:18–19 (ESV)
“And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.”
Catholic interpretation:
•Peter = the “rock”
•Keys = supreme authority
•Therefore Peter is the first pope
⸻
Why many Christians disagree
1. The “rock” doesn’t have to be Peter himself
•The Greek wordplay:
•Petros = stone
•Petra = large rock / foundation
Many argue the “rock” is Peter’s confession:
“You are the Christ, the Son of the living God” (Matt 16:16)
This lines up with:
•1 Corinthians 3:11 – “For no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ.”
•Ephesians 2:20 – Apostles together, Christ as cornerstone
⸻
2. The keys weren’t exclusive to Peter
Jesus gives similar authority to all apostles:
Matthew 18:18 (ESV)
“Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven…”
Plural “you” — not just Peter.
John 20:22–23 (ESV)
“Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them…”
Again, shared authority.
⸻
3. Peter never acts like a pope in Acts
•Decisions are made collectively
•James, not Peter, delivers the final judgment at the Jerusalem Council (Acts 15)
•Peter is rebuked by Paul publicly (Galatians 2:11)
Hard to square that with infallible supremacy.
⸻
4. Peter never claims supreme authority
Peter calls himself:
“a fellow elder” (1 Peter 5:1)
Not:
•Head of the Church
•Vicar of Christ
•Universal bishop
And he explicitly warns against lordship:
“not domineering over those in your charge” (1 Peter 5:3)
⸻
What is biblical
✔ Peter is a leader
✔ Peter is prominent early on
✔ Peter opens the gospel to Jews (Acts 2) and Gentiles (Acts 10)
❌ Peter is never called pope
❌ Peter is never above the other apostles
❌ No succession doctrine is taught in Scripture
⸻
Bottom line
The papacy is a church tradition, not a biblical office.
You can respect Peter’s role without turning him into something Scripture never does.
@tinkerbel8800 @matt_vanswol What area are you in? I might be able to help you get in touch with an Amish builder. I have plenty of contacts for Ohio and 1 for Texas.
@unusual_whales They have no clue what they are doing, The stock market has zero emotions, so one can't trade on emotions.
They'll get burned and then blame Elon.