@lawatashfield
Actus reus and mens rea are both required to be liable of a offence. Actus reus is the guilty action and mens rea the guilty mind.
There is a rule of contemporaniety that demands both of them to be present and to occur at the same time or in a chain of events, in
offence against the initial victim, but for some reason the initial victim is not hurt, but as a consequence somebody else is, the malice is the transferred to the actual victim, as both the actus reus and the mens rea are present in a continuous chain of events for the same