【ロボット関連報道の誤り】
米FCCの外国製ロボット禁止対象は「人型ロボット」「四足歩行ロボット」だけではなく、「ロボット掃除機」「ロボット芝刈機」「倉庫内荷物運搬ロボット」「地上ドローン(UGV)」などロボット一般の新規モデルである。ほぼ全てのオールドメディア報道が間違っている。
■「高度なロボット機器」の定義
● The FCC follows the definitions in the National Security Determinations.
● “Advanced robotic device” is defined as:
○ (A) A mechanical mobile device, including autonomous mobile robots, humanoid robots, and quadrupeds, that –
・(i) Is capable of locomotion, obstacle avoidance, navigation, or movement on the ground;
・(ii) Operates at a distance from a human operator or supervisor based on commands or in response to sensor data or any combination thereof; and
・(iii) The combined weight of the device and, if applicable, ground station or docking station is over 4.4lbs; and
・(iv) Contains a component falling within each of the below subparagraphs:
– (i) a sensor capable of perceiving its environment;
– (ii) a component that is capable of providing network connectivity (wired or wireless, including Bluetooth/WiFi, cellular, or satellite) with connection speeds of at least 200 kbps in either direction; and
– (iii) software running either locally or remotely, including firmware and AI or machine-learning model weights, that controls the robot’s autonomous navigation or movement perception, data collection, or remote command-and-control; and
○ (B) Does not include:
・(i) A “connected vehicle,” as that term is defined in 15 CFR § 791.301, but including a connected vehicle of any gross weight;
・(ii) A vehicle operated only on a rail line;
・(iii) An “uncrewed aircraft” or “uncrewed aircraft system,” as defined in 47 CFR § 7 88.5;
・(iv) An unmanned underwater vehicle that is able to operate without a human occupant;
・(v) Items that are classified as devices under section 513 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. §360c), including surgical instruments, components, and ambulatory and mobility assistive devices (such as canes, crutches, walkers, and wheelchairs), whether or not powered, and whether the item was cleared under section 510(k), approved under section 515, classified under section 513(f)(2), or exempt from premarket notification; and
・(vi) A fixed, stationary, non-mobile robot, including articulating, parallel/delta, Cartesian/gantry, or Selective Compliance Assembly, or Articulated, Robot Arm (SCARA) robots intended for industrial or medical use.
つまり、地面を移動し、センサーと無線接続を備えた重量(ドックを含む)4.4ポンド(約2kg)を超えるロボットが対象となる。
■「パワーインバーター」の定義
● “Power Inverter” means:
○ A bi-directional power device or system that converts direct current electricity to alternating current electricity, or converts alternating current electricity to direct current electricity, to include microinverters, string inverters, central inverters, and hybrid (battery-based) inverters; and
○ Contains components that enable remote communication, control, sensing, data-collection, or monitoring through Wi-Fi, cellular, Bluetooth, or other similar connections.
外国製パワーインバーターの禁止は、通信機能を備えた太陽光発電システム(ソーラーパネル)、バッテリー蓄電システムを狙ったものである。