ARGADU

Publicism, culture, postcolonial studies & intersectional identities. Contact: @scherouge

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[Sergey Andreev @scherouge]

An excerpt from the book Zukhrat al-Riyāḍ by the Bulgar–Saqsin author of the 12th century, Sulaymān as-Suvarī as-Saqsinī:

“Allah — in Syriac Īlā, in Hebrew ʾĪlā, in Persian Pādishāh, in Khwarazmian Būmanānad, in Greek Tamhīsā, in Indian Shītīsā, in Turkic Biyāt, in Chigil Ugān, in Oghuz Ulug, and in Bulgar Tynz (Tunz?). These are the names of Allah among those who speak [these languages].”

A few remarks.

1. Many of the designations of Allah (including some Turkic ones) were clearly distorted by later copyists.

2. Different Turkic dialects are distinguished as Turkic, Chigil, Oghuz, and Bulgar.
The Chigil and Oghuz designations of Allah are transmitted correctly. The “Turkic” form بِیَات Biyāt should be vocalized as بَیَات and read Bayāt. The Bulgar form طِنز Tynz or طُنز Tunz should be written and vocalized either as طَنرِ Tanrı (which brings it closer to Ottoman and modern Turkish pronunciation) or as طُنرِ Tunrı (which brings it closer to the modern Chuvash pronunciation Tură).

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21/21 Nevertheless, many Chuvash reverted to their ancestral religion—and some even embraced Islam, a development that aroused even greater anxiety among the authorities of the Russian Empire.

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How Colonization Affected the Economic, Social, and Religious Life of the Chuvash People

From Kazan conquest to forced baptisms: Russian colonization stripped Chuvash lands, imposed heavy taxes, shattered faith. Thread on oppression & resistance in 21 posts🧵

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20/21 The most obstinate apostates were forcibly resettled into Russian villages, subjected to compulsory church weddings, and had their children baptized by coercion.