"All I Want For Christmas Is A Clean White School." Segregationists protest the attendance of 6-year-old Ruby Bridges outside William Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans, 1960.
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Barbara Henry taught Ruby Bridges (below), the first black child to pass the exam to a New Orleans elementary school. The other teachers refused to teach with a black child in school. She taught as if there was a full class for a whole year. "She was the best teacher I ever had!"
***FACT 21***
When William Frantz Elementary School integrated in 1960, all but one teacher refused to teach while a black student was enrolled. Barbara Henry, 28, was the only one willing to teach six-year-old Ruby Bridges as a class of one.
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The Bridges family suffered for their decision to send her to William Frantz Elementary: her father lost his job, the grocery store the family shopped at would no longer let them shop there, and her grandparents, who were sharecroppers in Mississippi, were turned off their land.
For over a year Henry taught her alone, "as if she were teaching a whole class." That first day, Bridges and her adult companions spent the entire day in the principal's office; the chaos of the school prevented their moving to the classroom until the second day.
As soon as Bridges entered the school, white parents pulled their own children out; all the teachers refused to teach while a black child was enrolled. Only one person agreed to teach Ruby and that was Barbara Henry, from Boston, Massachusetts.
As Bridges describes it, "Driving up I could see the crowd, but living in New Orleans, I actually thought it was Mardi Gras. There was a large crowd of people outside of the school. They were throwing things and shouting, and that sort of goes on in New Orleans at Mardi Gras."
Ruby's father was initially reluctant, but her mother felt strongly that the move was needed not only to give her own daughter a better education, but to "take this step forward ... for all African-American children".
Two of the six decided to stay at their old school, Bridges went to a school by herself, and three children were transferred to McDonogh No. 19 and became known as the McDonogh Three.
Today's Tuesday Trailblazer is Ruby Bridges! Ruby was 6 years old in 1960 and was the first to attend an all white elementary school in the south. She was escorted by federal marshals. A new teacher, Barbara Henry, was the only teacher willing to have Ruby in class.