Left Anterior Fascicular Block
(LAFB) is a type of intraventricular conduction delay involving the anterior fascicle of the left bundle branch.
Electrophysiology:
The anterior fascicle of the left bundle conducts impulses to the anterosuperior portion of the LV. In LAFB, conduction through this fascicle is blocked, and impulses travel via the posterior fascicle, leading to delayed activation of the anterolateral LV. This altered path shifts the QRS axis leftward.
ECG Features (Diagnostic Criteria):
- Left axis deviation: typically between -45° to -90°
- qR complex in leads I, aVL (initial septal depolarization preserved, followed by dominant R from delayed anterolateral activation)
- rS complex in leads II, III, aVF
- Prolonged R wave peak time in aVL: >45 ms
- QRS duration is typically normal or mildly prolonged (<120 ms)
Clinical Significance:
- Often benign and asymptomatic in isolation
- May signal underlying heart disease: hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies
- In the elderly, may be a marker of fibrotic degeneration of the conduction system
⚠️LAFB is the most common fascicular block, and its recognition on ECG is essential for interpreting axis deviations and diagnosing bifascicular/trifascicular blocks when combined with RBBB.
#ECG #Cardiology #LAFB #MedX #Electrophysiology
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The left coronary system is normal.
Large coronary fistula from RCA to MPA.
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