Underwater weighing and air plethysmography determine the volume and density of the body, which are then used to predict #bodycomposition or percent body fat. #nutr546
The #femaleathletetriad describes three interrelated conditions- energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density. When energy availability is in a deficit, it can lead to amenorrhea and low bone mineral density (osteopenia and osteoporosis). #nutr546
To increase #skeletalmusclemass, the athlete must
engage in a resistance-training program that is supported by sufficient energy and nutrient intake. (higher protein diet will protect the skeletal muscle mass from being lost) #nutr546
Being #hydrated during performance is crucial for athletes but some can more easily consume fluids during performance compared to others (ex: soccer vs. marathon) Marathon runners have a guideline of drinking 0.4-.08 L of fluid per hour #nutr546
#Alcohol has a negative effect on performance, but may
have beneficial health effects (such as may reducing risk for cardiovascular disease, and diabetes) when moderate amounts are consumed. #nutr546
#Hyponatremia can be very serious when sodium concentrations in the blood go below 130mmol/L and can cause confusion, seizures, coma, and even death. #nutr546
Many people consume calcium #supplements, which help to protect against loss of calcium from bone, but an excessive amount of supplemental calcium can increase the risk of developing kidney stones. Consuming calcium via diet is the way to go. #nutr546
Adequate intake of #calcium, vitamin D, and protein weight-bearing exercise (like tennis, jogging, and dancing) is needed so that peak bone mineral density is achieved and loss of calcium from bone is prevented or slowed throughout life. #nutr546
cognitive function, muscular strength, and cardiac output can all be at risk if athletes lose a significant amount of sweat and do not replenish #hydration#NUTR546