A NATION? A STATE? OR A NATION-STATE
1. Every year, public discourse echoes the debate over who actually founded Ghana.
Some think one man merits that attribution, while others think it was a set of individuals.
2. I am not here to settle that debate. But I am here to say something more closely related to that debate.
3. The founding of Ghana is not an ontological question that can be answered without contextualized ethical probing into “ what kind of Ghana was to be founded”
4. Some took the Ghana project as essentially a political issue, about seeking political independence. It's all about the freedom to rule oneself as a political state.
5. Nkrumah thought differently. Nkrumah treated the making of Ghana as a political, cultural, and ethical issue.
6. Political independence to him isn't just about self-rule. It is also about what kind of society is forged towards that self-rule.
7. At 1957, should we have a state? A nation, or a nation-state?
8. This isn't something they typically teach in the law schools or political science departments. But it is arguably the most important aspect of Ghana's founding.
9. As just a state, Ghana’s independence would have merely been a political project. Once Ghana was formed, the independence question would have ended.
But this wasn't enough for Nkrumah.
10. In 1956, he approached the social issue.
If Ghana is formed as a political state, what kind of political ordering would be socially necessary for it to be a nation?
11. Nkrumah distinguishes a nation and a state— the former being a society with a unifying ideological and cultural organization that defines its sole ethical identity.
12. You will find the concept of a nation in his idea of philosophical consciencism— making the new state a united whole without cultural and ideological tensions within it.
13. Towards the pursuit of nationhood, Nkrumah saw ethnocentrism as a threat to national reconstruction.
14. He advocated and succeeded in banning ethnic-centered politics by preventing the formation of political parties on ethnic lines.
15. Our sense of nationality today, which has characterized our political practice, is owed to his brilliant idea.
The 1992 Constitution (extended in the Political Parties Act 2000) today bars ethnic-centered politics—a continuation of Nkrumah’s idea, created by the Avoidance of Discrimination Act 1957.
16. So when you think about Ghana as a nation, think about the man who practically forged it that way through his early imagination.
Osagyefo
I watched the said video by the lady and she used abusive words and unsubstantiated allegations on the President but it makes no sense for the Judge to send her to jail for one year
That is a ridiculous sentence WTF is happening in Ghana smh
É triste que as pessoas sejam tão ignorantes sobre o tipo de efeito social que a religião causa nesse nível.
Historicamente, católicos e evangélicos neopentecostais diferem em muitas coisas, mas um dos principais pontos de divergência é a forma como enxergam a glória eterna e a relação entre sucesso, responsabilidade e salvação.
A glória, no catolicismo, tem um caráter comunitário. Não há glória, salvação ou sucesso desvinculados da comunhão com o outro. O individualismo é condenado e, embora a providência divina também faça parte da doutrina, a responsabilização é profundamente pessoal. Deus sabe de todas as coisas, mas o livre-arbítrio continua sendo um princípio central. Você faz escolhas diante da sua comunidade e da sociedade, e são essas escolhas que geram consequências. Se você falhou, falhou porque fez escolhas ruins, porque não fez o suficiente ou porque negligenciou seus deveres para com o coletivo.
No neopentecostalismo, a lógica tende a ser outra. A vitória é, antes de tudo, individual. Você vence porque fez a sua parte, e Deus recompensa sua fé organizando os acontecimentos conforme Sua vontade. Se você perdeu, perdeu porque lhe faltou fé ou porque Deus decidiu que aquele não era o momento. A teologia da prosperidade, que ocupa um papel central em boa parte do neopentecostalismo, reforça justamente essa leitura individualizada da relação entre fé e sucesso.
Tudo isso produz disposições morais diferentes nas pessoas e, consequentemente, nos próprios jogadores. Se você vence, foi porque Deus quis. Se perde, foi porque faltou fé ou porque Deus assim determinou. A derrota deixa de ser, em primeiro lugar, um problema de responsabilidade pessoal, de senso de comunidade ou de compromisso com o coletivo.
O discurso, inevitavelmente, tende a ser mais: 1) egoísta, porque o foco está na relação individual entre o fiel e Deus; e 2) receptivo à derrota, porque ela deixa de ser interpretada como consequência das próprias escolhas e passa a ser entendida como parte do plano divino.
Esse é o Brasil que vem sendo construído nas últimas décadas. Somos, da política ao futebol, cada vez mais egoístas, individualistas e menos responsáveis pelas consequências comunitárias de nossas ações.
I'm going to say something that might upset some people, but I believe it deeply and the evidence backs it up.
The single most powerful thing Black people anywhere in the world can do to fight racism is to become collectively wealthy.
Not just individually successful, but wealthy as a community.
I watched this happen with other groups. When Japan was poor, Japanese people in America were put in internment camps. When Japan got rich, suddenly everyone wanted a Toyota and Japanese culture became aspirational.
Korean Americans were targets of violence in the early 1990s. Today, after South Korea's economic rise, Korean culture is one of the most admired in the world.
The pattern is so consistent it's almost boring: poverty invites contempt, prosperity commands respect.
So when I hear debates about fighting racism in America, I always think the same thing. Yes, call out injustice when you see it, absolutely. But also build businesses, create wealth, and invest in your children's education like your life depends on it.
Make your community so economically powerful that discrimination becomes expensive for anyone who practices it.
That is how you win the game everyone else already figured out.
It was because of CAF.
In 1964, a CAF delegation led by Kwame Nkrumah boycotted the 1966 World Cup, and one of the demands was for FIFA to ban apartheid South Africa. No one is going to address what's happening in this year's World Cup unless CAF speak out.
After impressively tabling and securing a UN Resolution declaring the transatlantic slave trade as the gravest crime against humanity, Ghana must show a good example, like Benin, by officially apologising for being an accomplice in capturing and selling slaves to the Europeans.
The Government of Ghana has formally lodged a protest with UN Secretary-General, António Guterres following the condemnable attack on Ghanaian peacekeeping soldiers in Lebanon.
We are demanding full, immediate, impartial and transparent investigations into the attack which violates international law and amounts to war crime.
We shall firmly pursue justice and enhanced protection for our gallant soldiers.
The injured soldiers can count on the nation’s love, prayers and unflinching support.
My dear fellow sons and daughters of Mungu, I promise you that "tourism" is a false god that brings you no prosperity. It a fake pseudo-industry that creates next to no actual wealth for the people and places it exploits, and reduces the value of said people to mere trinkets and experiences.
The worst part about this video is that the only time it shows any black people is only where they are an aesthetic backdrop to the "magical experience" being advertised. The subconscious message being passed is that all of Kenya and its 99% black population are just a temporary experience for rich white people to enjoy.
You can draw a straight line from messaging like this to the existence of large numbers of abandoned mixed race children in Kenya. Everything there - including the buxom damsels - is meant to be a "magical experience" after all, and magical experiences never last long.
For the love of God, leave tourism alone and build factories, power stations, factories and more factories like every other nation that escaped poverty has done. Give Kenyans access to real productive power and wealth, and stop advertising these beautiful African people as aesthetic landmarks and busty bed warmers to muzungus who are having their post-divorce midlife crisis.🤦🏿♂️
The world, Europe, and Spain have faced this critical moment before. In 2003, a few irresponsible leaders dragged us into an illegal war in the Middle East that brought nothing but insecurity and pain.
Our response then must be our response now:
NO to violations of international law.
NO to the illusion that we can solve the world’s problems with bombs.
NO to repeating the mistakes of the past.
NO TO WAR.
https://t.co/KpRjBfwY4B
The biggest failure of my Nigerian parents' generation was their complete inability to pass on any ideas or ideology of subtance to their children.
The ONLY thing they taught their children was "Jesus" and "Muhammad". And those unfortunate children have grown up with Christianity and Islam making up their entire personality. They have nothing else upstairs.
Ask the people from that empty-headed generation any question that requires actual thinking or philosophy, and watch how intellectually empty their reply is.
"How can I succeed in life?"
>50 y.o. Nigerian dummy: "Fear God, pray everyday, don't expose your private parts, read your books in school, Fear God..."
"How do I find and keep the right partner?"
Elderly Nigerian grave-dodger: "Go to church every week, pray endlessly, maintain your fajinity, and fear God..."
"How can we fix Nigeria and make it somewhere people don't need to run away from?"
65 year-old Nigerian oxygen hoarder: "The whole country needs to pray for divine intervention to torsh the hearts of awa lidaz..."
An entire generation of olodos who raised even worse dummies than them, but somehow all believe that they did the world a favour by birthing children they had nothing intellectual to pass on to. Everyone else in the world who couldn't pass on economic capital to their children could at least pass on intellectual and moral capital.
All that these cemetery-evading dumbos passed on to us was "Fear God, pray, develop a neurotic obsession with your sex organs and everything that has to do with them, pray, and fear God some more." This is the inheritance we were supposed to build into our competitive advantage in a world where serious people live?
Damn.
On Khamenei’s demise:
Short-term winners = clearly anti-IRGC Iranians
Short-term losers = IRGC and its allies, the oil economy, markets
Medium-term winners = Israel
Medium-term losers = UAE, Saudi Arabia (if they retaliate)
However, massive gains for the US markets and Saudi Arabia (if they don’t retaliate) in the LONG RUN. The less predictable = what emerges afterwards, taking into consideration the history, culture and religion of the Persian people.
“Your death will come on an ordinary day. In the middle of unfinished plans. And the world will continue without you.”
Step out. Pour that beer. Open that wine. Order that meat. Call that boy. #Shalom