Martin D. Bautista

Gastroenterologist, social progressive -fiscally responsible, let there be peace on earth

[B&S @_B___S]

Imagine when you get to heaven and God says "Someone has been waiting for you!"

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

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[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

@SinnerReformed1 @Dr_TheHistories Japan wouldn’t have invaded the Philippines if it hadn’t been a US colony.

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

Father’s Day reading https://t.co/R0tLIE1pc4

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

Bob Dylan and Liza Minnelli Already Turned 80. They Have Thoughts for Trump. https://t.co/2SxQTobPDa via @NYTOpinion

[Jeremy Wayne Tate @JeremyTate41]

This is the most Catholic moment in modern history.

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

Reminder to the Secretary of State

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

What the Meat Industry Doesn’t Want You to Know https://t.co/QT1WnD2s7o via @NYTOpinion Save our Bacon!

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

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[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

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[Aakash Gupta @aakashgupta]

That water clarity is an engineering decision, and the math behind it is wilder than the video.

Roman aqueducts ran on gravity alone. No pumps, no pressure systems. Engineers carved channels with a gradient so shallow it borders on absurd. The Pont du Gard in southern France drops 2.5 centimeters over 275 meters. That's roughly the thickness of a coin over the length of three football fields. They surveyed that accuracy with plumb lines and wooden leveling instruments.

The clarity you're seeing is a direct product of flow velocity. Too steep and the water erodes the channel walls, picks up sediment, turns brown. Too flat and it stagnates. Roman engineers targeted a slope of about 20 centimeters per kilometer, which kept the water moving fast enough to stay fresh but slow enough to stay clear. Before the water reached the city, it passed through multi-chamber settling tanks where velocity dropped near zero. Suspended particles sank. Clean water flowed out the top into the next chamber. Repeat three or four times.

Pliny specified the minimum slope in writing. Vitruvius published the exact mortar ratio for hydraulic cement: one part lime to two parts volcanic ash for underwater work. The pozzolana from Pozzuoli reacted with water to form a calcium-aluminum-silicate compound that actually gets stronger the longer it sits submerged. Modern concrete degrades in water. Roman concrete bonds with it.

Scale the whole system and it gets harder to process. Eleven aqueducts fed Rome at its peak. Combined output: roughly 1 million cubic meters of water per day. That works out to about 250 gallons per person for a city of one million. Modern New York delivers about 125 gallons per person per day. Ancient Rome had access to double the per capita water supply of the largest city in the United States, running entirely on slope and stone.

The Trevi Fountain in Rome is still fed by one of them. Two thousand years, same source, same gravity, same water.

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

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[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

How to Clean Your Grill https://t.co/sZH2XVC8MZ via @NYTimes

[Massimo @Rainmaker1973]

Moments when diving instructor Miyakojima Kuni-san drops his underwater camera into a hole at the bottom of the sea.

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

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[Bill Kristol @BillKristol]

I’m pro-freedom, pro-law and order, pro-limited government, and pro-the Declaration and the Constitution.

And so today I’m a Democrat.

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

When Your Terminal Cancer Becomes a Chronic Illness https://t.co/9CuPaXH3Vl via @NYTOpinion a reminder, not just to the terminally ill, but to all of us, to be grateful for each day that we are alive.

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

@joodoz 💯💯💯💯

[Martin D. Bautista @drbalikbayan]

Eugene Braunwald, Whose Research Reshaped Cardiology, Dies at 96 https://t.co/dVWPDab7m5 via @NYTimes The eminent cardiologist who concluded that lowering cholesterol prevented heart disease.

[Leopoldina 🇧🇷 @PunkyBolsonaro]

Professor corrigindo os alunos do lado de fora da piscina.

Até eu aprendi daqui 🫶🏼