1991: India's first-ever motion to remove a Supreme Court judge, Justice V. Ramaswami, signed by 108 MPs. The charge: misappropriating funds as Chief Justice of the Punjab & Haryana HC.
📘 NCERT Polity Class 11, p.161
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Repo = repurchase agreement: money is lent against securities, with the buy-back date and price fixed upfront. The interest on that loan is the repo rate.
📘 NCERT Economy Class 12, p.57
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India's voting age was once 21. The 61st Amendment brought it down to 18.
Anti-defection came via the 52nd and 91st Amendments.
📘 NCERT Polity Class 11, p.252
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29 subjects were moved out of the State List into the Eleventh Schedule, to be handed to Panchayati Raj institutions (73rd Amendment).
📘 NCERT Polity Class 11, p.224
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@UnderStandUpsc Example 👇
Polity Cl 11, p.224: 29 State List subjects moved to Panchayats via the 11th Schedule.
Connect it to Article 40 (DPSP: organise village panchayats).
1950 directive → 1992 constitutional mandate (73rd Amendment). One line, two chapters, one Prelims question.
✅ Answer: (a) 5,000
Census "urban" needs all 3: population ≥5,000, ≥75% of male workers in non-farm jobs, density ≥400/sq km.
📘 NCERT Polity Class 11, p.227
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🧠 #UPSCPrelims Daily MCQ #1
As per Census of India, a minimum population of how much is one criterion for an area to be classified as "urban"?
Answer + NCERT proof at 9:30 PM 👇
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🚢 Balance of Trade (BoT) = exports minus imports of GOODS
➕ Exports = credit
➖ Imports = debit
Also called the Trade Balance.
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🏦 CRR = % of deposits a bank must keep as cash reserves with the bank
💧 SLR = reserves banks keep in liquid form
Two classic monetary policy tools.
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🕌🛕⛪ What makes Indian secularism distinctive?
It grew from deep religious diversity that came BEFORE Western ideas arrived.
NCERT's caution: tolerance alone can coexist with religious domination.
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🎭 John Rawls' "Veil of Ignorance": decide the rules of society without knowing your own position in it.
Self-interest then pushes everyone towards fair rules.
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🕊️ Swaraj = Swa (Self) + Raj (Rule)
It means both "rule of the self" AND "rule over self".
In the freedom struggle, it was a political demand and a social value.
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🏁 First Past the Post (FPTP): the winner just needs MORE votes than every other candidate, NOT a majority.
That's how India elects Lok Sabha MPs.
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⚖️ Fundamental Duties came via the 42nd Amendment (1976), with 10 duties at first.
⚠️ The Constitution says nothing about enforcing them.
💡 Today there are 11. The 86th Amendment (2002) added the 11th.
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📜 Constituent Assembly numbers UPSC loves:
👥 299 members after Partition
✅ Adopted: 26 Nov 1949
✍️ 284 signed on 24 Jan 1950
🇮🇳 In force: 26 Jan 1950
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🗳️ Prelims trap: Was the Indian Constitution ever put to a referendum?
❌ NO. Yet it carried huge public authority, thanks to the credibility and consensus behind its makers.
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⏳ UPSC CSE 2027 countdown
🎯 Prelims (23 May): 224 days
✍️ Mains (20 Aug): 313 days
Keep 150 days for Prelims, and you have just 74 days of pure Mains prep. Use them NOW.
The clock is already running ⏰
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