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Evaluating BrahMos: (This thread only for intelligent folks and not emotional outbursts.) BrahMos is not an Indian indigenous development. Nor did India reverse engineer fully the Russian technology to keep up with latest competition. On the first point, BrahMos was developed by a 1998 joint venture between India’s DRDO and Russia’s NPO Mashinostroeniya. The design is based on the Russian P-800 Oniks (SS-N-26) anti‑ship cruise missile. Russia provided core technology and propulsion. India contributed heavily in system integration, flight testing, and indigenous variants (air-launched from Su-30MKI, ship-launched, and land/other configurations). On the second point: BrahMos is at Mach 3, faster than anything Pakistan has presently. But Russia already has various hypersonic missiles at speeds of Mach 8, 10+, and one even at 20+ (but not yet deployed). China’s DF-17 is at Mach 5-6, and it is developing Mach 10-20 missiles. USA has flight tested AGM-183 ARRW at Mach 20 but not yet deployed. In other words, unless India can quickly take the BrahMos forward to the Mach 10-20 range in the next few years, it could be uncompetitive by 2030. India might again be in the market for licensing foreign missile technology. The R&D race never ends. Needs permanent long term R&D infrastructure and innovation culture. Jet engines, hypersonic missiles, and AI robotic drones will become standard weapons and the race involves mastering multiple technologies. PM Modi is doing an excellent job and others need to join rather than diluting his efforts.