I agree and it seems that not naming “them” in most cases stops people from making thinking error. But most can’t stay with uncertainty. “They” probably know that and enjoy the unfounded conspiracy theories and missinformation spawned from the inability of most to sit with uncertainty. Patterns are visible to the clear thinking but the people driving the patterns are secretive.
There is a documentary about to be released for the 250th about a German immigrant who fought in the revolution and the regiment of German rifle makers. A gun he maid is in the Revolution Museum in Philadephia. His name was Ludwig Schnieder (different spellings). I have a small part in the documentary and was a small part production . Facinating story!
To explain one example of why it is usually wrong to consider "the neuron" as the sole functional-fundamental unit of brain computation/function, ... instead of working from the concept that the causal graph structure of the brain is multi-leveled with regard to complexity, and that causality of phenomena that are required for cognition has a branching looping structure that sometimes skips over different complexity levels:
EM field oscillations have direct effects on ionotropic channel opening. EM field oscillations rely on large collections of individual neurons undergoing dynamic activity changes in concert. Importantly, the same field oscillations with respect to the effect on a given individual ionotropic membrane channel in an individual neuron can be achieved by a huge number of different patterns/combinations of activity of the population of neurons involved. Therefore, the causality in this aspect of brain function does not go out from individual neurons but instead is top (EM fields)-down (proteins channels) and then back up to the level of individual neurons (ionotropic channels acting in concert, among other things like membrane morphology, determine neuron spike-firing probability).
I think it is not always, but is often the case that considering neurons as the fundamental unit of brain function is an epistemological error and is an impediment to understanding how natural intelligence works and how we can engineer improved artificial intelligence. Additionally, the frequencies and phases of field oscillations in the brain interact in a nested, potentially chaotic fashion which may represent another level of emergent (irreducible?) phenomenon required for human cognition.
I wonder if this might be a key component of creativity and creation of new conjectures?
@MillerLabMIT
The Maiden Tower in Baku, Azerbaijan, at the edge of the Caspian sea coast, seems to be one of those ancient structures steeped in mystery. Dates of construction vary from a few hundred years ago to parts being constructed B.C.E and some even speculate parts could be many thousands of years old. No one knows what it was originally buit for or what uses it has served. Theories range from an observatory of sun and celestial bodies, a fire temple, and even a primative oil refinery. It has stood through receeding and advancing shorlines, several empires, and probably at least 3 different religions. There are echoes a past that we are now rediscovering is deeper than we previously thought. So much has been forgotten. Human and humanoid habitation in the area of the tower stretches back over 1 million years. Humanoid remains at least 350,000 years have been found. Settlements 11,000 years old are being escavated in the area.
Its an evolving sport where skill is built on on top of other skills. It takes time to build skill and strategy. The skillsets are more complex and varried than any other sport probably, even other combat sports. I do also think medicine and/or PED’s (hard to make a distinction here often for me) such as stem cells (legal) and bp-157(currently banned) as well as other, are promoting longevity. Even orthopedic interventions are getting better and probably making an impact.
@SStricklandMMA I am not an expert but I like my staccato. Experienced police officer and a SWAT each had one when we where shooting together and recommended. Seems to run well for me. It is a bit pricey, especially new. Thats the only problem. I also have a glock.
There are mornings when the sea, the wind, and the slow movement of light across the world seem to remind us that human life is built not only from the days we remember, but from the people through whom we first learned how to look at those days, and perhaps this is why Father's Day has always seemed to me less a celebration and more a quiet meditation on inheritance, because long before we inherit names, property, traditions, or family photographs, we inherit ways of seeing, ways of thinking, ways of standing upright in a difficult world.
Literature has always understood this.
Not the sentimental literature that mistakes emotion for depth, but the great literature that understands that fathers are among the most powerful architects of the human soul.
When I think of fathers in books, I think of Jean Valjean in Victor Hugo's "Les Misérables", who proves that fatherhood is not biology but responsibility, sacrifice, and the willingness to place another life above one's own; I think of Atticus Finch in Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird", whose greatest gift to his children is neither protection nor comfort but moral courage; I think of Prince Nikolai Bolkonsky in Tolstoy's "War and Peace", difficult, demanding, proud, brilliant, and deeply human, reminding us that love is not always expressed through tenderness and that some fathers teach strength in the only language they themselves possess.
I think of the fathers in Steinbeck, whose hands are rough from work and whose wisdom rarely arrives dressed in eloquence, yet whose presence forms the invisible foundation upon which entire families stand, and I think of countless fathers who never became literary characters at all, because they were too busy building lives, carrying burdens, solving problems, paying bills, repairing roofs, protecting families, and performing the quiet daily acts upon which civilization ultimately depends.
Perhaps this is why fatherhood remains one of the least theatrical and most profound human achievements, because a good father rarely occupies the center of the stage and rarely demands applause, while his influence continues long after conversations end and years pass, living quietly in the judgments, values, habits, and convictions of those who once watched him and learned from him.
The older I become, the more I suspect that the true measure of a father is not found in authority, success, wealth, or even affection alone, but in the extent to which he enlarges the inner world of his children, because the greatest fathers do not create dependence, they create freedom, they do not produce imitation, they cultivate character, and they do not merely prepare a child for life, they teach that child how to meet life with dignity.
And perhaps no one expressed this more beautifully than Douglas MacArthur:
"A father’s role is not to make his child rich, but to make him rich in character."
Happy Father's Day. 🦋
Breakdown of what made the technical difference between Topuria and Nurmagomedov’s mounted triangle against Gaethje. Topuria’s arm position allowed Gaethje to turn chest down which makes the triangle difficult to finish.
Nurmagomedov’s armpit grip forced Gaethje to turn into the triangle. So great to watch these battles where details and timing make a difference!
@B_McLeanSmith Agree! He did lock his hands initially and also turned the right way when Topuria gave the opportunity. So interesting the chess match between these high level people.
This video of Topuria and Khabib both with a mounted triangle on Gaethje shows why details matter at the highest levels of combat sports. Topuria would have finished this on most people. But, because his right arm went over his opponent’s left arm it allowed Gaethje to turn. He could have pummeled under the arm and got the same position as Khabib. This would have put an immediate strong threat on the arm and and not allowed Gaethje to turn away. Topuria’s was hurt and still had technical follow-ups, but this is why drilling/training certain details until they are done without thinking is critical at this level. Such a priveledge and joy to watch this level of fighting/ grappling!
@OpenNoteGrapple Gaethje hand where not locked for part of the transition, even if they were the whole time Topuria could have pummled to the armpit grip quickly. It forces a much worse dilema for the defender as Khabib showed.
New podcast episode on itunes with @RandyStout18 Neuroscientist/researcher on learning. The focus is combat sports lesrning but anyone interested in the topic will find it interesting and maybe find practical tips. https://t.co/WzZWLeEHMy