MSD Manual Pro

Trusted medical reference for over 100 years. Page intended for residents outside the U.S. and Canada.

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Ischemic optic neuropathy is infarction of the optic disc. It can be nonarteritic or arteritic. Both types cause painless acute vision loss. Diagnosis is based on findings from funduscopy and some blood testing. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/fQRV0xrEBU

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Warts are benign epidermal growths with distinct morphologies, including common, plantar, flat, and periungual forms. Diagnosis is clinical, guided by lesion appearance and distribution. Learn more about their presentation and natural course: https://t.co/Nw0Gt021zA

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Symptoms of stable angina pectoris range from a vague, barely troublesome ache to a severe, intense precordial crushing sensation; they are typically precipitated by exertion, last no more than a few minutes, and subside with rest. https://t.co/57nlZ1I15p

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To distinguish most flavors, the brain needs information about both smell and taste. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/2OCC1LoSsG

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Sex chromosome abnormalities are common and cause syndromes that are associated with a range of congenital and developmental anomalies. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/u8QxDOFTi9

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Lightning can affect the heart but primarily affects the nervous system, damaging the brain, autonomic nervous system, and peripheral nerves. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/uvdYzQcXmW

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This radiograph of the femur shows lobulated matrix calcifications within the medullary cavity (arrows), which are typical of what condition? Leave your guess in the comments, then click here to see the answer: https://t.co/CrLppibzWi

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Optic neuritis is the most common optic neuropathy in patients under 50 years. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/aVvubNZYwE

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Bromhidrosis is excessive or abnormal body odor caused by decomposition by bacteria and yeasts of sweat gland secretions and cellular debris. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/19adk0fJPN

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Dopamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are important mediators of nicotine dependence. Click the link to refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/yEsOZqCY1c

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Thirst is triggered by receptors in the anterolateral hypothalamus that respond to increases in plasma osmolality or decreases in intravascular volume. Learn more: https://t.co/tamyNddPSO

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Psoriatic arthritis develops in approximately 20% of patients with psoriasis. The arthritis is often asymmetric, and some forms involve the distal interphalangeal joints. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/df5WUW2GL8

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Time for a pulse check! Take our quiz on heart failure to test your knowledge. For more information, visit: https://t.co/sjFuHg8V06

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Prevalence of BPH increases from 8% in men aged 31-40 years to 40%-50% in men aged 51-60 years https://t.co/a2NyZJrjKK

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Lymphedema is edema of a limb due to lymphatic hypoplasia (primary) or to obstruction or disruption (secondary) of lymphatic vessels. Refresh you knowledge: https://t.co/OeVPDXoAZp

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Neurofibromatosis causes various types of benign or malignant tumors that involve central or peripheral nerves and often causes pigmented skin macules and sometimes other manifestations. https://t.co/uhss2dJyaq

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RMSF is limited to the Western Hemisphere. Initially recognized in the Rocky Mountain states, it occurs in practically all of the United States and throughout Central and South America. Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/bmj9rK9HDJ

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Developmental stuttering, the usual form of stuttering, typically begins between the ages of 2 years and 5 years and is more common among boys. Learn more: https://t.co/8oFR7DkFeW

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Initial symptoms are immediate pain and sometimes numbness or tingling over the involved part. Swelling is usually absent, and there are few skin changes (eg, local erythema). Refresh your knowledge: https://t.co/xQvCAQKmFt

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How well do you understand chronic kidney disease (CKD)? Take our quick quiz and test your knowledge. Learn more: https://t.co/Si9JHzwfuO