Una cosa es modelizar un mundo ideal para 2100 y otra venderlo como si fuera una política aplicable. 60.000€ al año per cápita no salen de decretar igualdad, sino de productividad, inversión, energía, innovación e instituciones. Sin eso, lo que repartes no es riqueza... repartes pérdida de poder adquisitivo.
@RuxandraTeslo yeah, validation is hard to make less resource intensive since it needs long-term outcome data. some newer approaches like real world evidence might help a bit. i don’t know exact numbers, but funding seems heavily skewed toward discovery rather than validation
It’s a bit of both. many biomarkers are biologically interesting but not mechanistically close enough to the clinical outcome to serve as surrogates. Others might have potential, but the validation process is so resource-intensive that few are taken that far so it’s not that the biomarkers are all low-quality but that linking them causally to outcomes is incredibly hard and often under-prioritized