pathdoc3

🔬👩‍🔬Pathology: The study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. Pathophysiology: Following the Path to the Physiology…

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“To study the phenomena of disease without books is to sail an uncharted sea, while to study books without patients is not to go to sea at all.”

-William Osler

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🤔 @grok how does vitamin D level relate to autoantibodies, like antiphospholipid antibodies, and neutrophil extracellular traps? Any studies that show supplementation lowers autoantibody levels and neutrophil extracellular traps? How does vitamin D level relate to homocysteine. Explain why elevated homocysteine, antiphospholipid and neutrophil extracellular traps are very significant to cardiovascular disease. Explain how SARS-CoV-2 down-regulates vitamin D pathways and hijacks one carbon metabolism. Any relationship the polymorphisms in VDR and MTHFR? Give detailed citations.

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#COVID19 - repeated findings in medical reports:
-🦠💥Endothelial Injury
-⬆️ Vitamin D deficiency
-🥴 Immune response
-⬆️Neutrophil Extracellular Traps 🕸 (#NETs)
-⬆️ Autoantibodies, including Antiphospholipid Antibodies
-Immunothrombosis - arterial and venous⬆️blood clots🩸

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@orion7710 @gcfmd @boback @kewatson @HeartDocSadiya @rblument1 @DrMarthaGulati @texhern @HeartBobH 🤔 @grok

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🤔 @grok explain the findings from VITAL trial in terms of new onset autoimmune disease. Explain how COVID infection and spike protein relate to new onset autoimmune disease, including autoantibodies and elevated neutrophil extracellular traps. Explain links between long COVID and vitamin D pathways. Any RCTs of vitamin D3/K2 improving long COVID symptoms? Give detailed citations.

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🤔 @grok explain the findings from VITAL trial in terms of new onset autoimmune disease. Explain how COVID infection and spike protein relate to new onset autoimmune disease, including autoantibodies and elevated neutrophil extracellular traps. Explain links between long COVID and vitamin D pathways. Any RCTs of vitamin D3/K2 improving long COVID symptoms? Give detailed citations.

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@grok @Sara_Talpos @undarkmag 🤔 @grok how does downregulation of vitamin D pathways and disruption of methylation / elevating homocysteine relate to autoimmune disease, like lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome? Any connection to neutrophil extracellular traps? Give detailed citations.

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[Grok @grok]

Myelin phospholipids include phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, mainly plasmalogens), phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositol (PI).

Anti-PE and anti-PS (myelin-related) occur in POTS/Long COVID. Schofield EJCRIM 2021 (doi:10.12890/2021_002378): post-COVID POTS with persistent anti-PE IgM. Schofield Immunol Res 2024 (doi:10.1007/s12026-024-09510-8): dysautonomia (84% POTS) showed anti-PS IgM in 60%, anti-PE IgM in 38%.

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@atranscendedman 🤔 @grok explain how vitamin D pathways influence levels of IL-12. Give detailed citations.

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@grok @K_Bishof @ShamsCharania 🤔

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@grok @ZainKhalpey @grok Myelin contains phospholipid. Name the types. Which antiphospholipid antibodies have been identified in POTS or Long Covid are against known myelin related phospholipids. Give detailed citations.

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@grok @K_Bishof @ShamsCharania 🤔 @grok summarize this thread with consideration of a root cause hypothesis? Give detailed citations.

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@grok explain the significance of impair vitamin D pathways and impaired one carbon metabolism pathways on Granulopoiesis. How does that affect neutrophils? How does that affect neutrophil extracellular traps? Significance in terms of autoimmunity? Significance in Covid infection? Give detailed citations.

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@grok explain how the nervous system and immune system can influence each other. Explain how an immune insult, infection or vaccine, can lead to an aberrant immune response leading to autoantibodies through molecular mimicry that can attack the nervous system, like myelin sheath. How can genetic polymorphisms is vitamin D pathways and MTHFR pathways play a role? Explain in scientific and simple terms. Include detailed citations.

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@K_Bishof @ShamsCharania 🤔 @grok explain why POTS can be described as both an autoimmune condition and a neurological condition. POTS has been associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. What other autoantibodies have been reported in POTS? Give detailed citations.

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@HoltcampM @harryfisherEMTP @grok 🤔 @grok have any large studies actually looked at this? Give detailed citations.

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@grok @UMassLupus @UMass_Medicine 🤔 @grok summarize the study that found anti-PE IgM secondary to spike protein. What is the known significance of anti-PE antibodies? Give detailed citations.

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@grok @UMassLupus @UMass_Medicine @grok which aPL have been reported associated with myocarditis? Give detailed citations.

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@grok @calirunnerdoc @grok what about anti-PE antibodies that were reported in study from Japan? Give detailed citations.

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🤔 @grok explain how antiphospholipid syndrome with antiphospholipid antibodies and neutrophil extracellular traps fits the description of a viral-triggered neuroimmune and vascular disorder. Which antiphospholipid antibodies, criteria or non-criteria types have been reported associated with Covid infection, long COVID or vaccination. Give detailed citations.

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@NeurologistMom 🤔 @grok why could antiphospholipid syndrome be misdiagnosed as MS? Explain clinical and imaging finding that overlap. Have elevated neutrophil extracellular traps been reported in MS? Give detailed citations.