I once tried to calculate how much work AI labs had done vs training data creators.
*Just* for text:
~30T training tokens is
= ~200M books at 100K words each
= ~20M author's careers at 10 books each
= ~$40T at 40 years/career at median wage (~$50k)
Authors did ~all the work.
🇺🇸 Valuations
US stocks are priced for perfection, with valuations back in territory that has a habit of ending badly. Calling the turn is never easy, but when markets run this hot, even a modest slip in fundamentals can hit hard
👉 https://t.co/blMxcoFA78
h/t @dailychartbook
SpaceX's market cap crossed above $3 trillion today in after hours trading.
That's higher than the market cap of Amazon ($2.65 trillion) & Microsoft ($2.97 trillion).
Microsoft Sales: $318 billion
Microsoft Net Income: $125 billion
Amazon Sales: $743 billion
Amazon Net Income: $91 billion
SpaceX Sales: $19 billion
SpaceX Net Income: -$9 billion
If you want an early indication of how wild SpaceX IPO could be…
ProShares issued press release *today* indicating it plans to launch 2x leveraged SpaceX ETF on *same day* as IPO.
Will be other ETF issuers jumping in here as well.
AI hyperscalers (Google, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft, and Oracle) have issued 47% more debt in the first 5 months of this year ($159 billion) than all of last year ($108 billion). Their YTD debt issuance exceeds the combined issuance from 2020-2024.
$GOOGL $AMZN $META $MSFT $ORCL
Welp, that happened faster than I predicted. Thought it would be end of 2027, then early 2027, but agentic traffic growing so fast that bots have now passed human traffic online for the first time in the Internet's history. https://t.co/2zX5bHdhsa
Per Slok, 87% of VC funding is directed at AI, 49% of investment grade bond issuance is AI, and 38% of high yield bond issuance is linked to AI.
During the internet boom, in 1999, less than 40% of VC funding was linked to internet companies.
Broadening to the wider tech-media-telecom (TMT) bubble, in 1999, VC funding for TMT hit 80% of all funding. TMT bonds were 40-50% of the high yield bond issuance in 2000 and 25-30% of total investment grade bond issuance.
Over $100B investment grade debt issued in 1999-2000 became junk by 2002.
High yield debt at 38% today vs 40%-50% back then belies the idea that today’s AI debt issuance is cleaner, backed by more profitable companies today.
Good Morning from Germany, which appears to be heading towards stagflation. Consensus GDP forecasts for 2026 have been revised down from more than 1% to just 0.66%, while inflation forecasts have climbed above 2.7%. Against this backdrop, the ECB is now expected to raise interest rates twice – at least, that is what markets are pricing in.