His lighthouse stood for 123 years. And in the end it was not the tower that failed.
It was the rock underneath it. ๐ฌ๐ง
Two lighthouses stood on the Eddystone Rocks before him, 14 miles south of Plymouth, and the sea destroyed them both. The first, built of wood, vanished without trace in the Great Storm of 1703, taking its builder and 5 other men with it. The second stood for 47 years, then burned one December night in 1755, down to the rock it stood on. ๐ฅ
So Britain faced a question: how do you build on a rock the sea owns?
The Royal Society's answer was not a lighthouse man. It was John Smeaton, an Englishman from Austhorpe near Leeds, a maker of scientific instruments who had turned his mind to engineering.
He started with a question nobody had thought to ask. Why does an oak tree survive a storm? Wide at the root, narrow at the top. So he shaped his tower like the trunk of an oak. Wood had washed away and wood had burned, so he built in granite, every block dovetailed into its neighbours like a carpenter's joint in stone, pinned with dowels of marble. For the mortar he ran experiment after experiment until he proved which limestone sets hard even underwater, a lime the Romans had used whose science had been lost. He worked out why and brought it back.
3 years, 1756 to 1759, 14 miles out in the open sea. Then the lamp was lit, and the sea came to test it, winter after winter. It did not move.
He went on to build bridges, harbours, canals and mills across Britain, and because the only engineers Britain named were soldiers, he called himself a civil engineer, the first man in Britain to do it. In 1771 he and 6 others met in a London tavern and founded the first engineering society anywhere in the world. It still exists. ๐๏ธ
His light burned for 123 years. When engineers finally found a fault in 1877, it was in the reef, not the tower. The sea was wearing away the rock beneath it. His tower had outlasted the rock it stood on.
In 1882 the lamp went out for the last time. But nobody scrapped his tower. The top came down stone by stone and went back up on Plymouth Hoe, where it stands today in its red and white bands. You can climb it.
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Look at any lighthouse standing on a British rock. That curve is his oak, still holding.
We are the home of British heroes.
There is a place for you in it.
๐ https://t.co/rih7iKwnvf ๐
Be part of us. โ๏ธ๐ฌ๐ง
Be Proud Of Us. ๐๐ฌ๐ง
For the next two days, we will pause our satire and share clips celebrating Ann Widdecombeโs greatest moments. Ann was a fearless champion of free speech, and her words feel more relevant than ever.
Please join us in paying tribute to her.
Sad to hear that London is having to board up its shops and evacuate people in anticipation of Norwegian migrants smashing the place up and attacking police in the wake of the World Cup match. :/
@KingBobIIV Thatโs how I heard him, but no matter what he says or how he says it, people will always look for reasons to criticise him. And often, they then suggest that those of us who support him simply canโt see any faults because weโre cult like.