@ExnerPirot They could cancel it at any time...Americans being Americans...but the line could also be the first step in getting it to the eastern seaboard and western Europe.
False...
The short answer is: usually no. A Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) does not automatically expire just because someone passes away.
However, whether an NDA remains enforceable after death depends heavily on how the contract was written, who died, and the nature of the information being protected.
Here is how it typically breaks down:
1. If the Signer (the person sworn to secrecy) Passes Away
If the person who signed the agreement to keep a secret dies, their legal obligation to maintain confidentiality technically lives on through their estate.
The Estate's Responsibility: The executor or administrator of the deceased person's estate is generally bound by the contracts the deceased signed. If the executor or heirs inherit files, devices, or documents containing that secret information, they cannot legally leak or publish it.
Practical Reality: While the obligation remains, a dead person cannot speak or breach an agreement. If the secret was only in their head, it effectively dies with them. A lawsuit for breach of contract can generally only be brought if someone living (like an heir or executor) exposes the protected information.
2. If the Disclosing Party (the owner of the secret) Passes Away
If the person or business owner who originally shared the secret dies, the NDA almost always remains fully intact.
Corporate Secrets: If the NDA was signed with a company (e.g., a corporation or LLC), the business is a distinct legal entity. The death of a CEO, founder, or owner has zero impact on the NDA; the business continues to own the trade secrets or proprietary data.
Personal Secrets: If it was a purely personal NDA between two individuals, the rights to that confidential information usually transfer to the deceased person's estate or legal successors, who can still enforce it.
3. The "Survival Clause" is the Deciding Factor
Nearly every professionally drafted NDA contains a Survival Clause. This specific section explicitly states which terms survive the termination of the agreement or the relationship between the parties.
Often, these clauses state that confidentiality obligations regarding trade secrets last indefinitely, or that ordinary confidential information must be protected for a set number of years (e.g., 5 to 10 years), regardless of changes in personal status or death.
The Big Exception (Personal Services): If an NDA was embedded inside a personal services employment contract (like a specialized consulting role), some courts view the personal contract as terminated by death, which can muddy the waters on the attached NDA provisions.
Disclaimer: Contract law varies significantly by jurisdiction (state, province, or country) and the specific phrasing used in the document. If you are dealing with a specific legal situation or estate matter, consulting an estate or contract attorney is always the safest route.
@SethDillon And how much does healthcare "go over budget"!? Are you suggesting "rich seniors" should start paying for their healthcare? It's time we started looking at them as one and the same.
Your statement hits very close to the technical reality of how the global oil market works, but it misses a few critical, cascading effects on the supply chain.
The core logic you're pointing out—that hitting a refinery stops fuel production rather than crude production—is mostly accurate, but the idea that it has zero impact on crude exports or that Russia is effortlessly pocketing doubled revenues requires a bit of nuance.
Here is the breakdown of what is actually happening.
1. "Refinery destruction doesn't impact crude exports; it just means no gas/diesel."
Mostly True, with a Major Catch.
On paper, if a refinery is knocked offline, the crude oil that would have been turned into gasoline or diesel is suddenly surplus. In a vacuum, Russia would simply redirect that unrefined crude straight to export terminals to sell to countries like China or India.
However, the real world has logistical bottlenecks:
Export Pipeline & Port Capacity: Russia's western ports (like Ust-Luga and Primorsk on the Baltic Sea, and Novorossiysk on the Black Sea) are already running near maximum capacity. You can't easily push millions of extra barrels of crude through a pipe that is already full.
The "Storage Wall" and Shut-ins: Russia has very limited domestic crude oil storage. When a refinery stops taking crude, and the export ports can't take the extra volume, the oil has nowhere to go. Because of this, Russian producers have recently been forced to shut in (close down) wells and cut oil production by roughly 300,000 to 400,000 barrels per day. Shutting in a well can permanently damage its long-term productivity.
So while the primary effect is a massive domestic shortage of refined fuel (leading Russia to implement strict gasoline export bans), it absolutely bleeds back into their ability to extract and manage crude oil.
2. "Attacks on export terminals reduced exports, but doubled crude prices increased Russia's revenue."
True, but due to Geopolitics, not just the Ukraine strikes.
Your second point accurately identifies the primary financial paradox of this conflict: volume went down, but revenues went up.
Ukrainian sea and air drone strikes on Baltic and Black Sea terminals did successfully hobble infrastructure. For instance, strikes on the Baltic ports briefly cut localized export loadings by over 50%. Yet, the Kremlin’s overall fossil fuel export revenues still saw massive surges, nearly doubling in spring periods (surging from under $10 billion to over $19 billion monthly).
However, crude prices didn't double solely because of the Ukrainian strikes. The massive windfall profit Russia is experiencing is heavily tied to broader global energy crises—most notably geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, including the disruptions surrounding the Strait of Hormuz. Because global oil supplies are tight, global benchmarks soared, allowing Russia to sell its "Urals" crude at much higher prices per barrel, completely offsetting the volume they lost to drone strikes.
The Takeaway
Ukraine's strategy isn't failing; it's playing a long game. While they cannot control global oil prices, their attacks are achieving two internal strains on Russia:
Financial Drain: Forcing Russia to spend billions trying to repair highly complex refinery parts that are currently under Western sanctions and hard to replace.
Logistical Chaos: Forcing an economy at war to grapple with domestic fuel shortages while simultaneously managing failing infrastructure at their most critical shipping hubs.
***From Gemini***
@jasminlaine Showing a lack of reporting skills by reposting this without at least a minimum of investigation. You obviously didn't even take the time to read the community notes!