“If you're guided by the spirit of honesty and query, and every word you say is reflective to what you believe to be the truth, then the pathway walk on is golden pathway to success”
-Dr. Jordan B. Peterson
A diabetic patient with constipation asked me:
“Doc, isn’t lactulose a type of sugar? Then why are you giving it to me for constipation? Won’t it increase my sugar levels too?”
How will you explain this to him?
✨ Dr Medica | Clinical Sign Quiz ✨
A test is demonstrated in the video.
👉 What is the name of this test & most likely diagnosis?
#ClinicalQuiz#Neurology#MedEd
✨ Dr Medica | Clinical Case Quiz ✨
A video shows a child with multiple soft, circular papules on the face present since birth, occurring in a familial pattern.
👉 What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Neurofibromatosis type 1
B) Tuberous sclerosis
C) Familial multiple discoid fibromas
D) Cowden syndrome
#ClinicalQuiz #GeneticDisorders #MedEd
✨ Dr Medica | Clinical Cases
A patient is shown with multiple yellowish nodular lesions over tendons and eyelids.
👉 What is your diagnosis?
Options:
A) Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
B) Familial hypercholesterolemia
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Hypothyroidism
#ClinicalDiagnosis #MedQuiz #InternalMedicine #LipidDisorders
Complications of large-volume paracentesis (LVP):
1. Paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction (PICD) — most important
Effective hypovolemia due to splanchnic vasodilation
Leads to:
Hypotension
Renal dysfunction / AKI
Hyponatremia
Faster re-accumulation of ascites
Prevention: IV albumin (≈ 6–8 g per liter removed when >5 L drained)
2. Hemodynamic complications
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Syncope
3. Renal complications
Acute kidney injury
Worsening hepatorenal physiology
4. Electrolyte disturbances
Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia (less common)
5. Bleeding
Abdominal wall hematoma
Rarely hemoperitoneum
Higher risk with coagulopathy, but overall uncommon
6. Infection
Local site infection
Rarely secondary bacterial peritonitis
7. Ascitic fluid leak
Persistent leakage from puncture site
8. Visceral injury (rare, ultrasound reduces risk)
Bowel perforation
Bladder injury
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Key exam pearl:
> Large-volume paracentesis without albumin → PICD → renal failure & hyponatremia
Bottom line:
LVP is generally safe, but albumin replacement is essential to prevent circulatory and renal complications.