0/ Been researching India's sea-based nuclear deterrent for a while now and the K-series SLBM programme is genuinely one of the more underappreciated strategic stories in modern defence
It starts not with a missile but with a moment of geopolitical hostility in 1971
Thread 🧵
Under partnership with HAL and BDL, HAL provides a ₹435cr cash advance, while BDL commits to buying 3,000 tonnes of metal yearly.
The press works like a giant syringe, squeezing hot metal into critical parts like aircraft frames and missile casings.
🚨SHOCKING | Centre tells Delhi High Court that TELEGRAM has become the "NEW DARK WEB", defending its temporary ban by citing the platform's use by cybercriminals, fraudsters, and other malicious people operating anonymously
This is embarrassing for Russia, and precisely why I keep saying: study it carefully.
If a relatively low-cost approach can impose such challenges on a major military power, India should be analysing the concept, developing countermeasures, and examining whether a similar doctrine could contribute to deterrence against China.
The lesson is not just about the platform used, but the modus operandi behind it.
USAF is funding 2 different CCA at the same time meanwhile IAF still doesn't have a CCA program of their own
CATS warrior is a self funded project of HAL with little to no guarantee of induction
Meanwhile Indian Navy has officially asked NRT to develop Abhimanyu CCA for them
One and half years after I wrote this article summarizing everything we know about India's Project-77 SSN program as of late 2024, we know so much more now. Here's a quick summary of what we know as of mid-2026:
What is CONFIRMED by reliable sources so far:
1. It will indeed displace around 10,000 tons (one figure quoted by an older source states a very specific 9,800-ton figure). So very much in the league of Russia's Yasen, China's future Type-095 & upcoming SSN-AUKUS boats, and significantly bigger than UK's Astute, France's Suffren or the earlier blocks of US' Virginia-class boats.
2. It will be powered by a 190-200 megawatt PWR known as CLWR-B2. A shore-based prototype of which is known to have been in existence at least as of 2018.
3. It will have VLS capability. Described as having "close to a dozen" VLS cells of the 'large' variety, so would be capable of launching likes of BrahMos/future Scramjet-based Hypersonics & possible ASBMs/HGVs.
4. It will be a double-hulled design, similar in that regard to Russia's design philosophies.
What has NOT BEEN CONFIRMED so far:
5. Whether it will have an X-form rudder or conventional cross-form rudder/tail planes.
6. Whether Nuclear-Electric Propulsion (NEP), aka Turbo-Electric Drive will be implemented or not.
7. Whether the boat will have a Pump-Jet Propulsor (PJP) or not. The PJP & NEP implementations might be tied to each other, and will have implications on whether we follow the Russian operational doctrine of speed over stealth or if we choose to go with Western doctrine. This is the most interesting part to look forward to as Pumpjet & NEP are much more likely to find application on the S-5 SSBN program, which is in a much more advanced stage than the SSN (first 2 boats already in construction). So we can be relatively certain that whether we put it on the SSN or not might come down to doctrinal choices.
What has not been confirmed, but is EXTREMELY LIKELY nevertheless:
8. It will make use of conformal sonars. Especially a Conformal Bow Array (CBA) along with flank arrays integrated into the hull. Provision of towed array will anyway be there.
9. It will make use of non-hull penetrating optronic & other radiofrequency masts, a technology we've already commercialized for production.
I will probably write a new, updated article once some more information becomes available from quotable sources. All that said, my sincere thanks to the stringent & credible journalism of @SandeepUnnithan and @IamRajat_Pandit, without whose consistent & in-depth reporting I wouldn't be able to write summaries or articles like these, let alone draw some inferences of my own.
Shown below are two AI-assisted renditions I made of the P-77. The first is directly based on the Project-885M Yasen-M (which by now looks like the closest configuration match with P-77's reported specs, all things considered) and the second is based on an NSTL image of a submarine model they were testing a few years ago, originally brought to my attention by @GODOFPARADOXES. Of course we cannot be certain that this wasn't just a generic model they were testing for system-calibration purposes or otherwise, but it's interesting that NSTL decided to make it public.
The country is cursed that this nonsense and cringe has attention and space.
This isn’t discourse on gay activism. This is a low IQ cheap roadside rant getting an audience. But it’s good that they are proving that there’s no agenda other than hate and personal promotion.
Le Président Trump a signé ce soir à Versailles l’accord entre l’Iran et les États-Unis.
Cet accord ouvre la voie à une paix durable et permet la réouverture du détroit d’Ormuz.
C’est un pas important dans la bonne direction pour nos compatriotes qui permettra d’obtenir bientôt une baisse des prix de l’énergie.
Sovereignty over as much of the supply chain as they could helped them stand up. Whereas Indian Mil is hobbled by reliance on fickle suppliers worldwide & limited R&D investment delays rapid local advancement to meet urgent operational needs. Yet we spend liberally for imports.🤷🏻♂️
Screwdrivergiri
A lot of folks defend this trend. But they find it difficult to describe it. At it’s core, when a foreign OEM signs up with an Indian co to provide it with all the core (strictly proprietary) elements & allows it to assemble in India with minor or no value add, we’re in the zone. In effect, if the OEM were to turn off the tap on component supply, it’s “The End”. Now, if this denial were to only impact an Indian co, we could justify it - risks of doing business, caveat emptor etc. But it will hurt the nation finally and then who takes the blame ? Now, if all works well & there’s no likelihood of denial, we’ve got a product, created some (very little at times) employment and a bunch of manufacturers who will never be allowed to violate terms and build their own product. Of course, if Indians are Chinese, we’d have violated and already done so since the same screwdrivergiri has been going on for decades. Bottom line, we are best served by sanctions and embargoes. It’s in our DNA.
Several years ago, a foreign weapon OEM had extended us an offer - we’ll give u pressure parts, trigger group & receiver. U guys can easily do the assembly, sling swivels, grips, sling and carry case. Pay us for the components & an upfront data package fee for only 1
Weapon (an outdated one). If U’re smart in invoicing, Indian content can be 50%. Forget the core tech. U just need the margins. Saying NO was the best decision of our journey. Today, we compete globally with the same co but respect them for being upfront with us.
looking to buy some drugs but i don't know much about them what's the one that the 'England is better without Jude' people are taking that one sounds crazy
A scramjet cannot operate from a standstill. It first needs a powerful booster to accelerate the vehicle to very high supersonic/hypersonic speeds before the scramjet can ignite.
That is why HSTDV was mounted on an Agni-derived booster, which accelerated the vehicle to the required speed and altitude before the scramjet took over. The same principle is used in other hypersonic programmes worldwide, including Russia’s Zircon, where a rocket booster brings the missile into the scramjet’s operating envelope.
The concept of encapsulating a scramjet vehicle inside a booster and triggering the engine only after the required speed and flight conditions are achieved is not easy to grasp for those new to defence technology.
Image @Kuntal__biswas : Thank you