Single Crystal CVD Diamond
Have no doubt, you are at the dawn of an industrial revolution. There is a string of breakthroughs happening throughout upstream industries that all compound.
Diamond manufacturing is now able to produce CPU size single crystals wafers.
Currently these are marketed as heat spreaders because they have thermal conductivity of 2,200 W/mK which means they move heat incredibly effectively.
However, that somewhat misses the wood for the trees…
Diamond has physical and electrical properties that exceed traditional silicon, making it uniquely suited for high demand applications.
Thermal Conductivity: Heat is the enemy of electronics. Diamond conducts heat better than almost any other known material, about 5 times better than copper and over 10 times better than silicon.
A diamond chip can act as its own heat sink.
Ultra Wide Bandgap: Diamond can handle massive amounts of voltage and operate at incredibly high temperatures without electrical breakdown.
This makes it perfect for high power applications like electric vehicle inverters, power grids, and aerospace technologies.
High Frequencies: Electrons move very quickly through diamond, allowing chips to operate at much higher frequencies, which is ideal for advanced telecommunications and radar.
Radiation Hardness: Diamond is incredibly resilient to radiation, making diamond based chips ideal for satellites, space exploration, and nuclear facilities.
To make a material act as a semiconductor, you have to "dope" it. To do this you inject impurities into the crystal lattice to create a positive (p-type) or negative (n-type) charge.
Diamond's atomic structure is so tightly packed that forcing other elements into it is hard. While p-type doping (with boron) has been figured out, reliable n-type doping (with phosphorus) remains a massive hurdle.
Theoretical ceilings
Band gap
Silicon wafer = 1.1 eV
Diamond CVD wafer = 5.5eV
Clock speed
Silicon wafer = 5-6 GHz clock wall
Diamond CVD wafer = 1-2 THz clock wall
Max Running Temp
Silicon wafer = 150°C
Diamond CVD wafer = 1,000°C
Whilst we etch silicon with photolithography and Extreme UV light, this doesn’t really work with chemically inert diamond.
Diamond CVD is currently etched with oxygen plasma etching, but this lacks the precision of EUV.
However, we can etch diamond to extreme precision with electron projection lithography. EPL was invented in the 90s by Bell Labs, IBM and Nikkon but abandoned as it was harder than EUV.
Electrons repel each other so the beams blurrs too readily.
What if we built a femto electron beam?
What if we built it to extreme such that it was a ‘single electron’ pulse?
What if we build a microscopic "bed of nails" containing millions of nanoscale tungsten or silicon tips (photocathodes). You shine a massive, highly complex femtosecond laser system across the entire array.
Every time the laser pulses, millions of tiny tips each fire a single, perfectly straight electron at the exact same time.
Turns out, research teams at likes of MIT and Stanford are currently experimenting with exactly this, laser driven nanotip electron emitters.
Pair that tool with Diamond CVD substrate tech and we approach the material limits of both semiconductors and nanotechnology.
Would require asynchronous logic to escape fatal clock skew and operate at full capability.
But I think I will live to see it.
None of you are self-aware. You are howling narcissists. This woman starts this video off by listing her personality type, attachment style, horoscope, as if borrowed categories add up to a self. You think about yourselves too much and have mistaken it for introspection.
@USAmbCanada Great messaging coming from the U.S. Ambassador to Canada. Definitely not utterly stupid, divisive, and threatening at all, keep up the great work Ambassador Hoekstra!
With the restoration of internet access in Iran, more footage from the war is beginning to emerge.
A video recorded in Karaj during the first week of the conflict shows a Tabas medium-range air-defense system of the IRGC Aerospace Force being targeted by the Israeli Air Force.
The image below shows the system first being struck by a warhead-less Mikholit air-to-surface missile launched by an Israeli Hermes 900 armed drone. The initial strike appears to have been intended as a warning shot, allowing personnel and nearby civilians to distance themselves from the air-defense system, which was being transported by its confused drivers through an urban area toward its deployment position.
Moments later, a second Mikholit missile carrying a live warhead struck the vehicle. This time the missile detonated successfully, destroying the air-defense system in a large explosion, as seen in the footage.
The video provides another example of the extensive use of armed MALE drones by the Israeli Air Force to locate, track, and eliminate Iranian air-defense assets during the war.
#OperationEpicFury #OperationLionsRoar
NONE OF THE WORLD CUP MATCHES IN TORONTO ARE SOLD OUT YET.
Toronto is spending $380 million to host 6 World Cup matches.
THAT'S $63M PER GAME!!
Tickets start around $1,300.
And economists are warning the net economic impact may be close to zero because many tourists would have visited Toronto anyway.
So where exactly is this economic boom everyone keeps talking about?
It's virtual PC's that you have to rent from these guys for extortionate prices after they have made normal PC's unaffordable.
If you haven't guessed yet.
Fires and clashes near Parc des Princes after PSG beat Arsenal in the Champions League. Scooters and bikes torched, riot police deployed. Familiar scene after major PSG wins.
این دخترهی چپول رو میبینین که وقتی ایشون داره از درد و رنج مردم ایران میگه مسخره میکنه و ادا درمیاره؟ چهرهی واقعی چپ جهانی همینه.
درد و رنج مردم ایران براشون ذرهای اهمیت نداره.
این آقا یکتنه شمار سگهای ولگرد خراسان را چندبرابر کرده. نزدیک به یکمیلیون نفر دنبالکننده داره و با کمکهای مردمی به سگهای ولگرد غذارسانی میکنه. خیلی تلخه.