Which one of the following best describes "Devolution"?
A. Transfer of work to PSUs
B. Transfer of powers with constitutional and financial autonomy to lower levels of government
C. Delegation of authority to private companies
D. Transfer of officers from Centre to States
#UPSC
Rule of Law according to A.V. Dicey
• Supremacy of law
• Equality before law
• Predominance of legal spirit (rights protected through ordinary courts)
Indian Constitution adopts the Rule of Law but not Dicey's concept in absolute terms.
#Polity#UPSC#Mains2026
Keystone Species
A keystone species has a disproportionately large impact on its ecosystem relative to its abundance.
Its removal can trigger cascading ecological changes.
Examples:
• Tigers in Indian forests
• Sea otters in kelp ecosystems
#Environment#Ecology#UPSC
Fiscal Deficit vs Revenue Deficit
Revenue Deficit:
→ Revenue Expenditure > Revenue Receipts
Fiscal Deficit:
→ Total Expenditure − (Revenue Receipts + Non-debt Capital Receipts)
A government can have a fiscal deficit even with zero revenue deficit due to capital expenditure.
Decentralisation ≠ Devolution
Decentralisation is the transfer of powers from higher to lower levels
• Deconcentration (administrative)
• Delegation (functional)
• Devolution (political + financial + administrative autonomy)
#UPSC#Mains2026
One Fact Every Aspirant Should Know
The Essential Practices Doctrine originated in the Shirur Mutt Case (1954).
It helps determine whether a religious practice is essential for protection under Articles 25 and 26.
#Polity#Judiciary#Mains2026
The concept of "Principled Distance" is associated with:
A. Granville Austin
B. Rajeev Bhargava
C. B. R. Ambedkar
D. M. N. Roy
Drop your answer 👇
#UPSCQuiz#PYQ
UPSC Geography
Why is India's demographic dividend called a "window of opportunity"?
Because nearly two-thirds of India's population is in the working-age group.
But without jobs and skills, a demographic dividend can turn into a demographic burden.
#Geography#Economy#Mains2026
Constitution in 30 seconds
Article 103
➜ Deals with disqualification of MPs.
➜ Decision is taken by the President.
➜ President acts on the opinion of the Election Commission.
Easy to remember:
103 → President → MP
#Constitution#UPSC#Mains2026
95% of UPSC aspirants confuse these two terms.
Regionalism ≠ Communalism
✅ Regionalism → Loyalty towards a region and its interests.
✅ Communalism → Using religion as the basis of political, social or economic interests.
Remember this difference for both Prelims and Mains.
@umedpratapsingh I was getting 74-78 in gs through various coaching answer keys In real I got only 60
On the other sides... i got 63-67 in csat
but actually scored 70(official Marks)